656 
CL VII. GRAMINE2E (Stapf). 
[Panicum. 
(of large leaves) stout, whitish and shallowly channelled above, 
primary nerves up to 9 on each side, very slender and often in- 
distinctly differentiated. Panicle erect or nodding, contracted or 
open, from J to over 1J ft. long, glabrous or more often villosulous at 
the lower nodes and motile branch bases, divided to the fourth or fifth 
degree, all the divisions filiform to finely filiform or capillary, often 
more or less wavy, angular and scabrid or the larger smooth down- 
wards ; primary axis comparatively slender, smooth, terete and 
often fluted below, scaberulous upwards ; lower primary branches 
whorled, suberect or spreading (rarely by more than 30°), up to 1 ft. 
long, mostly remotely divided from 1-3 in. above the base, their 
lower branchlets often up to 3 in. long, flexuous and remotely divided 
or like the rest rather short and contracted ; penultimate divisions 
usually closely 2-3-spiculate with the lateral pedicels shorter than the 
clustered spikelets, more rarely loose to very loose with the pedicels 
several times longer ; all the pedicels very fine with small sub- 
cupular tips. Spikelets oblong, sub obtuse to acute, somewhat 
turgid, broadly rounded on the back, lj-lf or sometimes 2 lin. long, 
light green or tinged with purple, glabrous or rarely more or less 
densely pubescent. Glumes very dissimilar, faintly nerved ; lower 
rounded or shortly acute or minutely apiculate, about one-third to 
one-quarter the length of the spikelet, hyaline, 3-1 -nerved or almost 
nerveless ; upper glume corresponding in shape and size to the spike- 
let, membranous, 5-nerved. Lower floret $ : valve like the upper 
glume, 7 -nerved ; valvule slightly shorter, oblong, obtuse. Upper 
floret oblong, shortly acute, up to almost 1J lin. long, whitish ; 
valve and valvule thinly crustaceous, finely transversely rugose 
except on the flexures. Anthers J-f lin. long. Grain over J lin. 
long. — Trin. Pan. Gen. 180, and in Mem. Acad. Petersb. 6me ser. 
iii. 268 ; Nees, FI. Afr. Austr. 36 ; Hook. Niger FI. 560 ; Steud. Syn. 
PI. Glum. i. 72 ; Griseb. FI. Brit. West Ind. 549 ; Doell in Mart. 
FI. Bras. ii. ii. 202 ; Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 171 ; Baker, FI. 
Maurit. 436 ; Hack, in Bolet. Soc. Brot. iii. 135, vi. 140 ; Martelli, 
FI. Bogos. 91 ; Klatt in Jahrb. Hamb. Wissensch. Anst. ix. (1891) 
120 ; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 119 ; Durand & Schinz, 
Consp. FI. Afr. v. 753 (mostly) ; Penzig in Att. Congr. Bot. 
Genoa, 1893, 366 ; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. 
ii. 21, 95, and Plant. Util. Eritrea, 53 ; K. Schum. in Engl. 
Pfl. Ost-Afr. B. 81, C. 103 ; Franch. Contr. FI. Congo Frang. 
37 ; Durand & Schinz, Etudes FI. Congo, i. 323 ; Hook. f. FI. 
Brit. Ind. vii. 49, and in Trimen, Handb. FI. Ceyl. v. 153 ; Chiov. in 
Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vi. 166 ; vii. 64 ; viii. 33, 306, and inBesult. 
Scient. Miss. Stefanini-Paoli, i. Bot. 226 ; Stapf in Dyer, FI. Cap. 
vii. 404, and in Kew Bulletin, 1907, 213 ; Rendle in Cat. Afr. PL 
Welw. ii. 181 ; De Wild. & Durand, Contr. FI. Congo, fasc. ii. 72 
(partly), and in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2me ser. i. 61 ; De Wild. Not. PL 
Util. Congo, i. 63-68, 504-506, and Miss. lS. Laurent, 201 ; Wood, 
