[June, 1902.] 
IMPERIAL INSTITUTE JOURNAL. 
Vol. VIII. No, 90. 
166 
east to west the next, and yet another year, as at present, 
moving to some extent both ways simultaneously, they had a 
feature to deal with that defied correct calculations or forecast 
for any lengthened period. For many years the Board of Trade 
had been armed with restrictive powers, which were now, 
under the pressure of foreign competition free from such 
restrictions, proving to be a veritable old man of the sea round 
the neck of trade, making British railways and British steamers 
the most expensive to work in the world. Britons built up their 
trade independently of State aid, but they were face to face with 
competitors whose resources equalled and sometimes exceeded 
their own, and whose trade had been founded and established 
on other lines and under Governmental aid and protection. 
With the entire control of a system of United States railways 
and British steamships passing into the hands of a gigantic 
American trust, apparently ruled by one man, it was not difficult 
to imagine a control of our food supplies from the United 
States. The mere thought of such a position being possible 
should urge them to devise methods whereby they could rely in 
case of need entirely upon the colonies. 
Manchester.— Mr. John Thomson presided at a quarterly 
meeting of this Chamber on the 7th ult. , and said that the state 
of the cotton industry was not encouraging. For some weeks 
15,000,000 spindles employed in spinning yarn from American 
cotton for the Manchester market had been working short time, 
stopping for a day and an hour in the week, and it appeared 
likely that the reduction might continue. Manufacturers had 
no longer the predominant influence in the cotton market which 
they once had. The production of yarn and cloth in foreign 
countries was now so large that the Lancashire consumption was 
only one factor among others. If the prospects of the next 
season’s crops in the United States should continue favourable 
there might be some decline in the price of cotton, which would 
give spinners and manufacturers a better margin. Mr. Burgess 
moved : “ That this Chamber is of opinion that the terms of the 
convention agreed to at the Sugar Conference in Brussels will 
deprive Great Britain of her freedom of action in the exercise 
of her fiscal rights, that the advantages (so called) of the con- 
vention as pertaining to the industrial interests of the United 
Kingdom and British colonies are illusory, and this Chamber 
strongly urges Parliament not to ratify the convention." The 
resolution was carried by 19 to 13. The president, in reply to 
a representation by Mr. Fogg that the directors of the Chamber 
should have taken more vigorous action against the proposed 
corn duties, said the board had offered more decided opposition 
than had been expressed on the part of any other Chamber of 
Commerce in the Kingdom. They had passed a resolution 
disapproving of a measure for the benefit of the corn growers 
and landowners of the country at the expense of the population 
at large. The Chamber, however, could not engage in party 
political agitation. 
— ^ 
GENERAL INTELLIGENCE OF THE PAST 
MONTH. 
May, 1902. 
UNITED KINGDOM. 
May 1st : The King returned to Buckingham-palace from 
Newmarket, and, accompanied by the Queen and Princess 
Victoria, visited the Royal Academy. The Duke and Duchess 
of Connaught opened the Exhibition at Wolverhampton. The 
Cork International Exhibition was opened by Lord Bandon. 
Mr. J. Bell, Town-clerk of Leicester, was elected Town-clerk 
of the City of London. 
2nd : The King and Queen held a Court at Buckingham- 
palace. Lord Goschen presided at the annual meeting of the 
Royal Literary Fund. Death of Major-General J. Castle. 
3rd : The Prince and Princess of Wales were present at 
the annual festival of the Juvenile Branch of the Church of 
England Temperance Society. The Royal Academy Banquet 
took place. Viscount Wolseley, Dr. Jameson, and Mr. 
R. Kipling arrived at Southampton from the Cape. 
5th : In the House of Commons the new procedure rules 
came into operation. Princess Christian distributed prizes at 
the annual meeting of the Ragged School Union. The British 
and Foreign Sailors’ Society held their annual meeting at the 
Mansion-house. 
6th : The Primrose League held its annual meeting, Lord 
Howe, the Chancellor, presiding. The Church Missionary 
Society held its anniversary meeting. Death of the Rt. Hon. 
Lord Robert Montagu. 
7th : Lord Salisbury addressed the annual demonstration 
of the Primrose League at the Albert-hall. The annual 
meeting of the Women's Liberal Association took place. The 
Iron and Steel Institute opened its annual meeting. 
9th : The Prince of Wales was installed as Chancellor of 
the University of Wales. The annual meeting of the British 
and Foreign School Society was held. The Women’s Liberal 
Unionist Association held their annual meeting. 
10th : The Prince and Princess of Wales visited Dinonvie 
Slate quarries at Llanberis. Princess Henry of Battenberg laid 
the foundation-stone of the new Royal Caledonian Asylum. 
Princess Christian opened the Victoria Recreation Ground at 
Finchley. Mr. G. Tonlmin (L. ), was elected M. P. for Bury. 
Death of General Sir C. L. Barnard, Col. -Commandant, 
R.M.A, 
nth: A " Bread Tax" demonstration took place in Hyde 
Park. 
12th : The King held a lev6e and investiture at St. James's- 
palace. The Prince of Wales opened the new Alexandra 
Hospital at Rhyl. The Chancellor of the Exchequer announced 
the withdrawal of the proposed cheque-tax. 
13th : The Prince of Wales, as Master of Trinity-house, 
was entertained at luncheon at the Mansion-house. The 
National Liberal Federation opened its annual meeting at 
Bristol. Princess Henry of Battenberg unveiled a memorial 
window to Queen Victoria in Hereford Cathedral. 
14th : The Queen visited the Exhibition of Gifts and 
Addresses presented to the Prince and Princess of Wales during 
their Colonial Tour. Lord Rosebery, the newly - elected 
Chancellor, presided on Presentation Day at the London 
University. Mr. Andrew Carnegie was presented with the 
freedom of the Plumbers’ Company. The Navy League held 
its annual meeting. In the House of Commons, the Finance 
and Loan Bills were read a second time. 
15th : Lord Rosebery was presented with the freedom of 
the borough of Colchester. Death of the Rev. Father Dolling. 
The Exhibition of Gifts and Addresses presented to the Prince 
and Princess of Wales was opened at the Imperial Institute, 
16th : The King and Queen held a Court at Buckingham- 
palace. The Prince of Wales opened the new drill-hall of the 
King's Colonials. Mr. Chamberlain addressed a meeting of 
the Birmingham Liberal Unionist Association. 
17th : The King and Queen left Buckingham-palace for 
Windsor Castle. Prince Henry of Prussia arrived in Dublin. 
Death of Mr. Braxton Hicks. The United Irish League of 
Great Britain held its annual meeting at Manchester. 
19th : The Co-operative Union opened their annual congress 
at Exeter. Mr. Lionel Carden was appointed British Minister 
Resident at Havana. 
20th : Death of Sir Arthur Arnold. The Peace Society 
held its annual meeting in London. The Church of Scotland 
opened its General Assembly in Edinburgh. Death of Sir John 
Irvine Murray. 
21st : The Mansion-house Fund for the relief of the distress 
at St. Vincent amounted to ,£32,000. The Bishop of London 
presided at the annual meeting of the Church Missions to 
Seamen. 
22nd : The King and Queen, and Princess Victoria, visited 
the Royal Military Tournament at Islington. The Royal 
Agricultural Society held its annual meeting. Sir J. Crichton 
Browne addressed the annual meeting of the Association of 
Asylum Workers. 
23rd : The Mansion-house Fund for the relief of the distress 
of St. Vincent amounted to ^4 1,000. Lord Rosebery was 
entertained at dinner by the National Liberal Club. 
24th : Princess Christian distributed certificates awarded 
by the National Health Society at Grosvenor-house. Sir 
PI, Campbell Bannerman addressed a Liberal meeting at 
Darlington. Sir IP. Burdett issued an appeal on behalf of 
King Edward's Hospital Fund, 
26th : The Duke of Marlborough was appointed a K.G. in 
the room of the late Earl of Kimberley. The birthday of the 
Princess of Wales was celebrated. Death of Rear-Admiral 
E. G. Hamilton Earle. The Prince of Wales was re-elected 
Master of Trinity-house Corporation. The Royal Geographical 
Society held their annual meeting. Sir H. Irving presided at 
the annual meeting of the Actors’ Orphanage Fund, 
27th : The Bath and West of England Agricultural Show 
was opened at Plymouth. The General Medical Council 
opened its session. The London Diocesan Conference was 
opened in the Church-house, Westminster. Death of Mr. 
F. B. G. Jenkinson, C.B. 
28th : The King and Queen visited the Royal Horticultural 
Society’s show. The Prince and Princess of Wales were present 
at the Royal Military Tournament. The Church Committee 
for Church Defence and Church Instruction held their annual 
meeting. The National Rifle Association held their spring 
meeting. The annual meeting of the City and Guilds of 
London Institute was held. Death of Lord Chichester. 
29th : The King received King Lewanika, paramount chief 
of Barotseland, at Buckingham-palace. Tsai Cheng, the 
Chinese Special Envoy to the Coronation, landed at Dover. 
Prince Christian laid the foundation-stone of the new municipal 
buildings at Walsall. 
30th : His Majesty's birthday was celebrated. The King 
presented colours to the Irish Guards on the Horse Guards 
Parade. 
COLONIES. 
Australia. — 2nd : The Bill for increasing the salary of the 
Governor-General to £8,000 yearly was rejected, but the House 
of Representatives granted ,£10,000 towards the expenses of the 
Royal visit. — 3rd : The retirement of Sir George Turner, Com- 
monwealth Treasurer, at the end of the present Parliament, 
was announced. — 14th : Lord Hopetoun resigned the Gov- 
ernor-Generalship. — 2 1st : The Senate passed a resolution of 
congratulation to the King on his coronation. New South 
Wales. — 3rd : The death of Judge Dowling was announced. 
27th: Sir Harry Rawson landed at Sydney, and was received by 
Mr. See, the Premier. Victoria. — 1st : The Ministry esigned. 
— 5th : Mr. Peacock, the Premier, declined to accept the 
resignation of the Ministers. — nth: Mr. Peacock announced 
that a Government Bill would be introduced to reduce the 
Legislative Assembly to 60 members, and the Legislative 
Council to 30 members ; the number of Ministers to be limited 
to six : adult suffrage will also be introduced. — 15th : A con- 
ference of State Premiers was held at Melbourne with regard 
to Lord Hopetoun's resignation. — 27th : Parliament was opened. 
South Australia. — 5th : The general election left the strength 
of parties unchanged, except that the Labour Party lost three 
seats. 
British West Africa : — 15th : It was announced that a 
permanent British garrison would be stationed at Lake Tchad. 
Canada. — 2nd : The Government proposed to exclude 
foreign-built British ships from the coasting trade of Canada, 
unless licensed by the Minister ofCustoms. — 8th : The contingent 
for South Africa left Halifax. — 10th : Death of Dr. Monro Grant, 
Death of the Hon. F. G. M. Dechdne, Commissioner of Agri- 
culture for Quebec province. — 14th: Parliament voted $50,000 
for the relief of the sufferers in Martinique and St. Vincent. 
24th : Victoria Day was observed throughout the Dominion. 
Cape Colony. — 5th: Lord Milner left Cape Town for 
Johannesburg. The Treason Court at Aliwal North sentenced 
David de Wet to pay a fine of ,£500, and his brother Pieter a 
fine of ,£1,000. — 7th : News was received of the relief of Ookiep 
by Col. Collwell. — 16th: General Ian Hamilton made a success- 
ful drive of Boers in Bechuanaland, capturing 400. — 24th : The 
anniversary of Queen Victoria's birthday was celebrated. — 27th : 
Commandant Malan was mortally wounded and captured at 
Ripon Road. — 28th : Mr. Seddon left Cape Town. 
Malta. — 29th: Mr. E. M. Merewether was appointed 
Lieutenant-Governor and Chief Secretary. 
Natal . — 1st : The House of Assembly approved the enlarge- 
ment of the Natal territory. — 12th : The llouse of Assembly 
passed the Annexation Bill. — 13th : The Parliament was pro- 
rogued till September 25. — 15th : The Premier, Sir A. Hime, left 
for London, to attend the coronation. — 17th : Mr. Seddon, the 
Premier of New Zealand, arrived at Durban. 
Somaliland. — 3rd : Lieut. -Col. Swayne was reported to 
have made a successful raid on the Eastern Somali tribes, and 
captured a quantity of stock. 
St. Vincent. — 7th : The volcano, La Souffri^re, was reported 
to be showing signs of eruption. — xoth : A disastrous volcanic 
eruption of La Souffritffe took place with the loss of 1,600 lives. 
— 15th : The King contributed £ 400 to the Mansion-house Fund 
for the relief of the sufferers. — 18th : Another eruption of La 
Souffri6re took place. 
Orange River. — 3rd : Lord Blackwood was appointed 
Acting Secretary to the Administration during Mr. Wilson’s 
absence.— 7th : Lord Kitchener reported the capture of 321 
Boers in a drive in the north of the colony. 
Transvaal. — 1st : It was announced that the Boer leaders 
would re-assemble at Vereeniging to discuss the terms of peace. 
— 12th : Most of the refugees returned to Johannesburg, and 
more mines were re-opened on the Rand. 14th : The banish- 
ment of 30 more Boer leaders, including ex-judge de Kock, 
was announced. — 15th : The Peace Conference of the Boer 
leaders at Vereeniging was opened. — 18th : The delegates 
chosen by the Peace Conference arrived at Pretoria, — 21st : 
Lord Milner arrived at Pretoria. Mr. Seddon arrived at 
Johannesburg. — 26th : Further surrenders of Boers were 
I reported : 29th : It was announced that the Boer delegates had 
decided to accept the terms of peace. 
INDIA. 
1st : A disastrous tornado occurred in the Dacca district of 
Bengal. — 2nd : The Government instituted a civil division of 
the Order of Merit for natives of India performing some special 
act of gallantry. — 4th : The total number of persons on famine 
relief was 401,000. — 9th : The Thebaw Sawba, a prominent 
Shan Chieftain, died in Mandalay. — 19th : A disastrous hurricane 
occurred in Sind. — 23rd : In the Council, Mr. Finlay, Secretary 
of the Financial Department, introduced a Sugar Bill. 
FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 
Argentine Republic. — and : The Government cancelled 
the concession for a commercial harbour at Bahia. — 9th : Con- 
gress was opened. — 24th : An agreement was concluded with 
Chili for the limitation of the armaments of each country. King 
Edward VII. was made general arbitrator between the two 
countries. 
Austria-Hungary. — 7th : The Emperor-King received the 
Delegations at Buda-Pesth, Count Goluchovvski announced 
the approaching renewal of the triple alliance. 
Belgium. — 7th : The Chamber voted a grant of 7,000,000 f. 
to Ostend and Spa, as an indemnity on account of the Anti- 
Gambling Bill. — 25th : The elections for the renewal of one-half 
of the Chamber of Deputies took place, and resulted in favour 
of the Catholics. 
Brazil. — 2nd : The Congress was opened. 
Chili.— 7th : A new Cabinet was formed with Senor Barros 
Luco as Premier and Minister of the Interior. 
China, — 3rd : Disturbances took place on the Shangtung 
border. — 9th : The rebels bombarded Nanning-fu. — nth : The 
agreement with England for the restoration of the Peking-Shan- 
bai-Kwan railway to the Chinese Civil Administration was noti- 
fied to the Powers. — 12th : The Government decided on the 
immediate reduction of the export duty on tea to 5 per cent. A 
defeat of the rebels was reported. — 24th : Belgium withdrew 
objection to the railway agreement with Great Britain, provided 
she was granted a concession at Hankau. 
Corea. — 4th: The first sod of the Seoul-Songdo section of 
the Seoul-Wi-ju railway was cut. 
Crete. — 28th : Another Mycenean palace was discovered in 
the neighbourhood of Phrestos. 
Cuba. — 16th : President Palma selected a Cabinet. — 20th : 
Congress met and proclaimed the Constitution. 
Denmark. — 17th : The Landsthing rejected the treaty for 
the sale of the Danish West Indies to the United States. — 25th : 
President Loubet visited Copenhagen, and was entertained at 
luncheon by King Christian at the Arnalienborg Palace. 
Egypt. — 10th : An agricultural bank was established, with 
a capital of ,£2,500,000, for making advances to the fellaheen. 
France. — 8th : A new air-ship was constructed by M. Severe, 
a Brazilian. — 9th : The great fraud of M. and Mme. Humbert 
was discovered. — 12th : The results of the Second Ballots in the 
General Election showed a ministerial majority of 80 to 90. — 
12th : M. Severa’s air-ship exploded, and the inventor and his 
companion were killed. King Edward sent 25,000 f. to the 
Paris relief committee for the sufferers in Martinique. — 13th : 
President Loubet left Paris for Brest, on his journey to Russia, 
— 16th : M. Wal deck- Rousseau announced his approaching 
retirement. — 26th: Death of M. Benjamin Constant. —27th : 
M. Loubet arrived at Dunkirk. 
Germany, — 1st : The Crown Prince opened an Art and In- 
dustrial Exhibition at Dusseldorf. — 2nd : Death of Prince George 
of Prussia. — 6th : The Budget Committee of the Reichstag 
adopted the arr angements for the construction of a railway from 
Dar-es-Salaam to Mrogora, in German East Africa. — 7th : The 
Berlin Merchants’ Guild complained of a loss of trade in con- 
sequence of the anti-British feeling in the German press — nth : 
The Emperor intimated the repeal of the “ dictatorship para- 
graph " relating to Alsace-Lorraine. — 12th : A large public 
meeting in Berlin protested against the Tariff Bill. — 27th : 
Count von Biilow introduced a Bill in the Prussian Diet appro- 
priating 250,000,000 marks (£12,500,000) for the expropriation 
of Polish proprietors in East Prussia. 
Haiti. — 9th : General Sam, the President, resigned. — 12th : 
Congress assembled to elect a President. — 27th : A Provisional 
Government was formed, with General Roisrond Canal as 
President, and M. Alexis Nord as Minister of War. 
Holland. — 1st : The Queen was reported to be recovering 
from her illness. — 3rd : The Queen's condition became seriously 
worse. — 7th : The Queen was reported to be out of danger. — 
9th : The Queen was able to sign decrees. — i8lh : The Third 
Anniversary of the Hague Conference was celebrated. 
Italy. — 14th: General Ottolenghi was appointed Minister 
of War. 
Martinique. — 5th : St. Pierre was completely destroyed by 
a volcanic eruption of Mt. Pelde ; 30,000 persons were killed. — 
20th : Further eruptions of Mt. PeMe took place. — 22nd : The 
United States warship Dixie arrived at Fort de France with 
supplies. 
Philippines. —3rd : General Davis reported the capture of 
the principal fort in Mindanao. 
Russia. — 9th : Disturbances were reported among the 
peasants in the Moscow district and southern province. — 13th : 
The Council of State signified its approval of a law freeing the 
village communes from their joint responsibility for the taxes of 
their members. — 16th : The assassin of M. Sipiaguine was 
hanged in St. Petersburg. — 18th : An attempt was made to 
assassinate Lt. -Gen. de Wahl, Governor of Vilna. — 21st: A 
grand review was held at Krasnoe Selo in honour of M. Loubet’s 
visit. — 22nd : M. Loubet arrived in St. Petersburg. — 23rd : 
President Loubet left Cronstadt for Denmark. 
Santo Domingo. — 2nd : The revolutionists had possession 
of the island except the capital and Puerto Plata. — 7th : 
President Jiminez resigned his claims to the Presidency, which 
was assumed by Senor Vasquez, the Vice-President, who 
amnestied the adherents of the late Government. 
Servia. — 18th : The King accepted the resignation of the 
Ministry. — 19th : M. Pasitch failed to form a new Ministry. 
Spain. — 17th : The enthronement of King Alfonso XIII. 
took place in Madrid. The Duke of Connaught represented 
King Edward at the ceremony. — 19th : The fetes at Madrid 
were continued and the King held a review of the troops. — 
2 1st : The King was present at a bull-fight in Madrid. — 22nd : 
The Duke of Connaught and suite left "Madrid. — 28th : Senor 
Canalejas, Minister of Agriculture, resigned. 
Turkey. — 20th: An Iradd- was issued for the delivery ol 
the btrat to Mgr. Firmilian, the Servian Bishop of Uskub. 
United States. — 5th: Death of Bret Harte. — 6th: Death 
of Admiral Sampson. Death of Dr. Corregan, Roman Catholic 
Archbishop of New York. — cjth: A Bill admitting Arizona, 
New Mexico, and Oklahoma to the rank of States passed the 
House of Representatives. — 12 th : The Senate voted $200,000 
for the relief of the Martiniq ue sufferers. — 14th : Mr. Lewis 
Nixon resigned the leadership of Tammany Hall.— 21st : 
President Roosevelt attended t he centennial of the Presbyterian 
Home Mission. A temporary injunction was granted to 
Chicago against the Beef Trust. — 24th: Death of Lord 
Pauncefote, British Ambassad or at Washington. A statue of 
Marshal Rochanibeau was un veiled at Washington. 
