2i8 .[August, 1902.] 
IMPERIAL INSTITUTE JOURNAL. 
Vol. VIII. No. 92. 
EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION. 
*** The Imperial Institute acts in concert with the Emigrants' 
Information Office ( which is under the direction of the 
Colonial Office ) , of jr, Broadway , Westminster, S.W.; 
and also with the British Women's Emigration Asso- 
ciation, now temporarily carrying on its work in 
rooms at the Institute. The Handbooks and Quarterly 
Circulars issued by the Emigrants' Information Office 
may be obtained at the Commercial Intelligence Office. 
Special information and practical advice respecting 
Canada and Cape Colony will also be furnished by the 
Curators of these Sections. 
UNITED KINGDOM. 
General Emigration. — The emigration returns from ports 
of the United Kingdom for the first six months of the present 
year to June 30 last show that there is a marked difference in 
the emigration movement from this country to the different parts 
of the world, as compared with previous years, Australasia, 
for instance, is credited with 787 fewer immigrants than during 
the first six months of 1901. The United States shows a 
decrease of 2, .481, while Canada shows an increase of 6,578, or 
more than 50 per cent,, and South Africa has an increase of 
7,001, or over 70 per cent. A feature in the returns for the first 
six months of the present year is the marked difference shown 
in the movement towards "the United States and British North 
America. That there should be a reduction, however slight, in 
the emigration to the United States, and such a wonderful 
increase towards Canada, is indicative that at last a change 
seems to have come whereby a proper appreciation of the 
advantages offered by Canada is beginning to be understood. 
The British Women's Emigration Association.— The 
hon. sec. reports 530 applications received in the past month. 
77 persons sailed, viz. : — 35 to Canada, 40 to South Africa, 1 
to Australia, and 1 to New York. Many applications from 
employers in the colonies are received, showing that the persons 
already sent out by the Association are giving satisfaction in 
their new surroundings. 
At a meeting on “ Emigration,” held at the Exhibition at 
Portsmouth on July 19, by the South African Expansion 
Committee of the Association, the need of increasing the number 
of the British population in the newly-acquired territories was 
dwelt upon. Assistance towards this is given by the Home 
Government granting indulgence passages to Cape Town in the 
transports now going out to bring home the troops which have 
been so long on active service. The passages are granted to 
women recommended by the Association, but only those are 
eligible whose relations are ready to receive them, or who have 
employment to go to on arrival. Their application forms, 
obtainable from this office, and their other papers, must be in 
readiness, as these assisted passages are always offered at short 
notice. It cannot be too often emphasized that only adaptable, 
capable, and reliable women are wanted in the new countries ; 
such as these will find themselves valued, and be able to make 
themselves and others contented amid the strange and often, at 
first, uncomfortable circumstances, of their new home up country, 
out of reach of all the modern conveniences of civilization. 
Some previous experience of domestic work is insisted upon 
as essential to all women-settlers, and many opportunities for 
acquiring this systematically are offered in this country. 
Among the following list of Schools of Domestic Economy 
some have arranged a special course of Colonial Training. 
Details as to subjects and terms, and the addresses and other 
particulars of either of them, can be obtained at this office. A 
full account of this subject will shortly be published in The 
Imperial Colajiist. The County Councils' technical schools at 
Ipswich; in Yorkshire, Hampshire, at old Basing; Sussex, at 
Lewes; at Cardiff, the University College of South Wales; 
cookery and other classes in London, Edinburgh, Liverpool, 
Bristol, Gloucester, Newcastle, Cheltenham, and Dorchester ; 
training at Raith, near Kircaldy in Scotland, at “ Leaton," 
Wellington, Shropshire ; at West Malvern ; at Zeals, Bath ; at 
St. Margarets-on-Thames. ByMissOrr, at Aldborough, Yorks ; 
Miss Mitchell, Temple Ewell, Dover; Mrs. Tritton Gurney at 
Haslemere, Surrey ; and Miss Lewis, Wightwick, near Wolver- 
hampton. Ladies may obtain special training as children's 
nurses at the Norland Institute, London, and Sesame House, 
St. John’s Wood ; at Manchester, and at Liverpool. More 
facilities for training after arrival in the colonies would be 
desirable. 
The British Women’s Hostel in London, for which an 
appeal for funds was issued some months ago, is now fairly 
started. It has been badly needed, and will be of great use to 
the women travellers who need a place to stop at in London. 
A good house has been bought by the British Women's 
Emigration Association, 22, Upper Westbourne Terrace, 
Paddington. About 30 beds can be made up. The purchase 
money has been advanced by members of the Association and 
their friends, and besides these loans and the guarantee fund 
of ^400, more than ^500 has been collected to start with. 
Lady Brassey has made a very liberal present of furniture 
and linen. A lady resident matron has been appointed, and it 
is hoped that the house will be ready to receive some passengers 
for Australia, sailing on July 31 and August 1. 
A full list of the subscriptions will be published. 
COLONIES. 
The July circulars of the Emigrants' Information Office and 
the annual editions of the penny handbooks show the present 
prospects of emigration. The notice boards are now exhibited, 
and the circulars may be obtained free of charge, at more than 
900 public libraries, Urban District Councils and institutions 
throughout the country. 
This is the best season of the year for emigrants to go to 
Canada. There is a good demand for capable men and boys 
who understand farm work, looking after cattle, horses, and 
sheep, milking cows, etc. Even inexperienced hands may get 
places, provided they are willing to learn and are strong ; their 
wages at first will be nominal, but board and lodging will be 
supplied free. As a rule single men are preferred everywhere, 
but married men with wives competent to take charge of dairy 
or laundry, and families able to work, have no difficulty in 
obtaining employment. Female servants also are ir. great 
demand on farms and in towns. Speaking generally, mechanics 
and labourers are well employed at this time both in towns and 
in country districts. 
In New South Wales trade continues fairly busy both in 
building and construction work. Shipping has fallen off, and 
some wharf labourers have been thrown out of employment. 
Coal-miners are generally well employed. The labouring 
classes generally are complaining of the increased cost of living 
owing to the new federal tariff. 
In Victoria there is no general demand for more labour. 
The drought continues to press heavily on large portions of the 
State, and seriously affects pastoral, agricultural and mining 
industries ; in some country districts, however, good rains have 
fallen, and competent farm labourers and milking hands are 
very scarce. 
In South Australia and Tasmania the local labour is 
sufficient. 
There is a good demand for farm labourers in the South of 
Queensland and in Western Australia, but more miners are 
not wanted in either colony. 
In New Zealand competent general labourers find good 
employment, but more are not wanted during the present 
winter season. 
Canada. — Enormous Demand for British Labour. — 
The Dominion's record wheat crop is causing an enormous 
demand for labour. The Dominion authorities have made 
extensive arrangements for sending out labourers from this side 
to assist in gathering the harvest. Canada’s reaping operations 
extend from August to October, and the threshing of the grain 
from October to December. All this time the imported labourer 
will be paid from £f> to ^8 per month, with board and lodging. 
The steamship lines and the Grand Trunk and Canadian Pacific 
Railway Companies are arranging special passenger fares for 
harvest men, of whom it is hoped a large number will settle in 
the country. To every such settler half his steamboat and 
railway fare will be handed back as a bonus. The Canadian 
authorities point out that the harvest will enable any strong 
young fellow, and there are plenty of them returning from South 
Africa, to go out to the wheat belt of Manitoba to see the 
country for himself, to pay all his expenses out of his earnings, 
and at the finish to return home if he so chooses with a balance 
of fao in his pocket. The Dominion Commissioner of Immi- 
gration at Winnipeg states that the estimated number of extra 
farm labourers required this summer from the outside to assist 
in the harvest will be from fifteen to twenty thousand. 
— 
CUSTOMS TARIFFS. 
UNITED KINGDOM. 
Revised Duties on Maize and Maize Meal. — With 
reference to the revised schedule of corn and grain duties, the 
Board of Trade have received a further General Order (No. 39 
of 1902), issued by the Commissioners of Customs on the 
20th June, notifying the reduction of the duty on maize to 
i^d. per cwt., and on the meal or milled products of maize 
(other than offals, which are dutiable at the i^d. rate) to 2^d. 
per cwt. 
These reductions of duty came into force on the 18th June, 
Present Rates of Customs Duties on Spirits.— With 
reference to the increased import duties on certain articles 
imported into the United Kingdom, it is to be noted that, 
according to a General Order (No. 38 of 1902) issued by the 
Commissioners of Customs on the 19th June, the increase of 
import duties on spirits does not apply to brandy or rum, nor 
to liqueurs, cordials, mixtures, etc., entered not to be tested, 
nor to perfumed spirits. 
According to this General Order, the following is a com- 
plete list of the duties now payable on spirits : — 
Description of Spirits. 
Rates of Duty. 
Imported 
in casks. 
Imported 
in bottles. 
Spirits and strong waters — 
For every gallon computed at hydrometer 
proof of spirits of any description 
(except perfumed spirits), including 
naphtha or methylic alcohol purified so 
as to be potable; and mixtures and 
preparations containing spirits — 
Enumerated spirits — 
s. d. 
s. d. 
Brandy . . per proof gall. 
ir 4 
12 4 
Rum ... ,, 
ir 4 
12 4 
Imitation rum , ,, ,, 
11 S 
12 5 
Geneva . ,, ,, 
Unenumerated spirits, sweetened, 
11 7 
12 7 
per proof gall. 
(Including liqueurs, cordials, 
mixtures, and other preparations 
containing spirits ; if tested. ) 
Unenumerated spirits, not sweetened, 
11 7 
12 7 
per proof gall. 
(Including liqueurs, cordials, 
mixtures, and other preparations 
containing spirits, provided such 
spirits can be shown to be both 
unenumerated and not sweetened ; 
if tested. ) 
Liqueurs, cordials, mixtures, and other 
preparations containing spirits, in 
bottle, entered in such a manner as 
to show that the strength is not to be 
n 5 
11 5 
tested .... per liq, gall. 
— 
16 4 
Perfumed spirits . . ,, ,, 
Any importations of naphtha or methylic 
alcohol purified so as to be potable, 
are rated under the heading of 
unenumerated spirits. 
18 1 
19 1 
COLONIES. 
Antigua.— Additional Import Duty of 33J per Cent. 
Continued to End of 1902. — The Board of Trade have 
received, through the Colonial Office, a copy of "The Revenue- 
in-aid Ordinance (No. 1 of 1902),” by which the additional 
duty of 33 J per cent, of the amount of duty payable under the 
provisions of the " Customs Tariff Ordinance (No. 8 of 1901),' 
is continued to the 31st December, 1902, and thenceforward to 
the next meeting of the Legislative Council. 
Australian Commonwealth. — Importation of Piece- 
Goods for use in the Manufacture of Waterproof 
Cloth. — A by-law having relation to the duty payable on 
piece-goods when imported into the Commonwealth for use in 
the manufacture of waterproof cloth, was issued by the 
Australian Commonwealth Department of Trade and Customs 
on 19th May, 1902, to the following effect : — 
" Piece-goods may be delivered at a duty of per cent, ad- 
valorem for the purpose of being manufactured into cloth made 
waterproof with indiarubber ; provided that the Collector is 
first satisfied that such piece-goods are intended to be forthwith 
used in the manufacture of waterproof cloth, and that security 
to the satisfaction of the Collector is also first furnished to the 
Collector by the importer that the same shall be so used, and 
that within six months from the date of importation proof shall 
be given to the satisfaction of the Collector that such piece-goods 
have been so used by the importer. 1 ' 
Dominion of Canada.— Free Importation of Refined 
Cottonseed Oil (Edible) for Canning Fish.— The Board 
of Trade have received a copy of the Canada Gazette for 
14th June last, which contains an Order-in-Council, dated 
4th June, 1902, providing for the free importation of refined 
cottonseed oil (edible) for canning fish into the Dominion of 
Canada from that date. 
Natal.' — Extension of Time for Free Importation 
of Foreign Wheat, Flour, etc.— A copy of Act No. rg of 
1902, dated 26th May of the present year, has been received, 
which extends the provisions of Section n of the "Customs 
Union and Customs Duties Act, 1898," to 30th June, 1903. 
[In this section it is provided that flour, wheaten, and 
wheaten meal, including pollard, manufactured from other than 
South African wheat, and intended for consumption in the 
Colony of Natal, may be imported free of duty for three years 
from 3rd January, 1899. The period was extended to the end 
of 1902 by Act No. n of 1901.] 
Prohibition of the Importation of Horned Cattle 
from Certain Countries. — A copy of a Proclamation, dated 
4th June, 1902 (No. 36 of 1902), has been received, prohibiting, 
in consequence of the existence of the disease of " Redwater,” 
the importation, directly or indirectly, into the Colony of Natal 
of horned or polled cattle from the following countries : — 
The Colony of Rhodesia ; The State of Queensland in the 
Australian Commonwealth ; and The States of Texas and 
Louisiana in the United States of America. 
The Proclamation further provides that "notwithstanding 
the foregoing prohibition, healthy cattle already shipped for 
Natal may be allowed to land in Natal, subject to quarantine 
at such place and for such time as may, in each case, be 
directed by the district veterinary surgeon at the port.” 
A further Proclamation, dated 14th June, 1902, prohibits 
the importation of horned or polled cattle into the colony from 
any port along the coast of the United States from New Orleans 
to Charleston, inclusive. 
INDIA. 
New Tariff Act. Special Duty on Sugar in Certain 
Cases. — The Board of Trade have received, through the India 
office, a copy of the " Indian Tariff (Amendment) Act, 1902" 
(No. 8 of 1902), which was passed at a meeting of the Council 
of the Governor-General of India on 6th June, 1902, and which 
provides for the imposition of a special duty, in certain cases, 
on sugar imported into India. 
The present Act amends Section 8 A of the Indian Tariff 
Act, 1894 (No. 8 of 1894), as amended by the Indian Tariff 
Amendment Act, 1899 (No. 14 of 1899), by adding the following 
section : — 
" 8 B (1) where the rate of duty or other taxation imposed 
in any country, dependency, or colony upon sugar not produced 
therein exceeds the rate of duty or other taxation imposed upon 
sugar produced therein by more than the equivalent of six 
francs per 100 kilogrammes in the case of refined sugar, or five 
francs and fifty centimes per 100 kilogrammes in the case of 
other sugar, then, upon the importation of any sugar from such 
country, dependency, or colony into British India, whether the 
same is imported directly from the country of production 
or otherwise, and whether it is imported in the same condition 
as when exported from the country of production, or has 
been changed in condition by manufacture or otherwise, the 
Governor-General in Council may, by notification in the Gazette 
of India , impose in addition to any other duty or taxation 
imposed under this Act or any other law for the time being in 
force, a special duty not exceeding one moiety of such excess.” 
The present Act will remain in force until the 31st August, 
1903, but it will not apply to any imported article or suhstance, 
the bill of lading for which was signed and given before the 
23rd May, 1902. 
A copy of a Customs Circular (No. 10 of 1902), issued by 
the Government of India under date of the 6th June, 1902, has 
also been received, imposing, under Sections B, sub-Section (1), 
of the Indian Tariff Act, 1894, as amended by the Indian 
Tariff (Amendment) Act, 1902 (No. 8 of 1902) (see above), 
especial duty upon all. sugar imported into British India from 
the undermentioned countries :— 
Country. 
Rate of Special Duty per Cwt. 
Rs. a. p. 
Austria-Hungary . 
3 3 9 
Germany .... 
2 13 9 
Decision respecting the Marking of Yarns Imported 
from the Continent of Europe.— A copy of a Customs 
Circular (No. 9 of 1902) has been received relating to the 
marking of yarns imported into India from the Continent of 
Europe. 
The Government of India have decided, after ascertaining 
the views of English spinners through the Secretary of State for 
India, that the Continental description of count will be allowed 
in the case of both woollen and silk yarns, provided the 
manufacturers follow the metric system in full, qualifying the 
marks with the words " Continental count” or " metric system 
of count," and giving the country of origin of the yarns. 
FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 
France— Portugal— Congo Free State.— CoxNventional 
Congo-Basin, — Tariff Alterations. — The Bulletin Official 
of the Congo Free State for May-June, 1902, contains the text 
of notes exchanged at Lisbon on the 10th May last between the 
Belgian Minister at Lisbon (as representing the Government of 
the Congo Free State) and representatives of the French and of 
the Portuguese Governments, with the object of fixing the Tariff 
of import and export duties leviable in the Western Zone of the 
Conventional Congo-Basin. 
The effect of this exchange of notes is to maintain in force 
until the 2nd July, 1905, the arrangement of the 8th April, 1892. 
The general ad valorem rate of import duties is, however, to be 
temporarily raised from 6 to 10 per cent., and the duties are 
eventually to be converted into specific duties at a ratio not ex- 
ceeding the equivalent of 10 per cent, ad valorem. As regards 
the Congo Free State, this increase is, by a Decree of the King 
of the Belgians, dated the 28th ult. , to take effect from the 20th 
inst. The export duties are unaffected by this arrangement. 
France— Indo-China. — Importation of Articles from 
Bombay or Calcutta Prohibited.—' The Journal Officiel de 
1 ' Indo-Chine Fran^aise for the 15th May last contains a Decree, 
issued by the Governor-General of French Indo-China on the 
19th April, prohibiting, for sanitary reasons, the direct or 
indirect importation into ports of the French Protectorate of 
articles from the ports of Bombay or Calcutta, excepting new 
raw materials such as jute or cotton in bales compressed by 
hydraulic power and bound with iron bands. 
French Protectorate on Lake Chad.— Tariff.— The 
Politique Coloniale for the 30th June announces the issue of a 
Decree by the Commissioner-General for the French Congo, 
imposing the following Tariff of import and export duties in 
the military territory of the Countries and Protectorates of the 
Chad 
Import Duties — 
Alcoholic liquors, 180 francs per hectol. of absolute alcohol. 
Arms, ammunition, gunpowder, and salt, 10 percent, adval. 
Ships and boats ; steam engines ; mechanical apparatus 
and tools for industrial or agricultural purposes ; scientific 
instruments and instruments of precision ; articles for 
