Vol. VIII, No. 94. 
IMPERIAL INSTITUTE JOURNAL. 
[October, 1902.] 279 
Russia. — 5th : A new commercial agreement was concluded 
between Russia and Servia. The Marquis de Montebello re- 
signed the post of French Ambassador at St. Petersburg. — 12th: 
The retirement of Baron de Stael, Ambassador to Great Britain 
was announced. — 15th: The Tsar arrived at Kursk for the 
manoeuvres. — 17th: The ninth Congress of the International 
Union of Criminalists was opened at St. Petersburg. — 19th: 
The Shah left Kursk for Persia. 
Spain — 8th : The King laid the first stone of the new 
harbour works at Bilbao. Labour disturbances occurred at 
Barcelona. 
Sweden. — 28th : The Fram, with the Sverdrup exhibition 
on board, arrived at Christiania. 
Turkey.— 2nd : An Irad<§ was issued abolishing restrictions 
on Armenians. A concession for a railway and port in Palestine 
was granted to a German syndicate. — 8th : Fresh difficulties 
arose between the Porte and the French Quays Company in 
Constantinople. — 10th : A Commission deputed to make reforms 
in Macedonia left Constantinople for Saloniki. Russia de- 
manded the passage of four torpedo boats through the Darda- 
nelles. 20th : — The Russian torpedo boats were allowed to pass 
through the Dardanelles. — 28th : The Ambassadors nominated 
Muzaffir Pasha as Governor of the Lebanon, to which no ob- 
jection was raised by Tewfik Pasha, and the protocol was 
signed. 
Turkestan. — 25th : Reports were received of a severe 
earthquake in Kashgar, Eastern Turkestan. 
United States. — 1st : M. Jusserand, French Minister at 
Copenhagen, was appointed French Ambassador at Washing- 
ton, in the place of M. Cambon. — 3rd : President Roosevelt 
narrowly escaped in a motor car accident. — 5th : Sir M. H. 
Herbert was appointed British Ambassador at Washington. — 
9th : Mr. Hill, Republican, was elected Governor of the State 
of Maine. — 19th : Mr. Charles F. Murphy was elected President 
of Tammany Hall. — 26th: President Roosevelt's condition was 
pronounced to be satisfactory. The death of Mr. A. R. Shep- 
herd, formerly Governor of Columbia, was announced. 
Venezuela. — 9th : Mr. Bax Ironside was appointed British 
Minister Resident at Caracas. — 12th : The revolutionary army 
defeated the Government troops at Tinaquillo. — 13th: — The 
revolutionists occupied Chico, and marched on La Guayra. The 
Government offered an annesty to the rebels. General Castro 
retreated from Ocumare. 

FORTHCOMING EVENTS. 
UNITED KINGDOM. 
Bristol. — The Musical Festival will be held from the 
8th to nth inst. 
Cardiff.— The Musical Festival will be held from the 
8th to nth inst. 
Edinburgh. — On the 14th inst. the Poet Laureate will 
deliver the annual inaugural address at the Edinburgh Philo- 
sophical Institution. 
Liverpool. — On the 7th inst. Sir Wilfrid Laurier will open 
the new Produce Exchange of the Liverpool Provision Trade 
Association. 
London. — The annual show of the British Dairy Farm- 
ers' Association will be held at Islington, October 7th to 10th. 
—On the 15th the Lord Mayor will entertain at dinner at the 
Mansion-house the Premier and many other members of the 
Government. — On the 16th inst. Parliament will meet. 
Manchester. — On the 15th Mr. Balfour will open the new 
School of Technology. 
Northampton.— The Church Congress will meet on the 
7th inst. (four days). 
Norwich.— The Musical Festival will take place, 
October 21st to 24th. 
Portsmouth. — On the 23rd Lord Roberts will receive a 
sword of honour from the citizens of Portsmouth. 
Sheffield. — On the 1st the Sheffield Musical Festival 
opens (three days). 
COLONIES. 
South Africa.- A British Colonial and Industrial 
Exhibition of all classes of goods, is to be held in Cape Town 
from November, 1903, to February, 1904. 
FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 
Greece.' — The opening of the exhibition which it was pro- 
posed to hold in Athens this month has been postponed until 
March 15 next. 
Peru. — Mr. Edward Higginson, Consul for Peru at South- 
ampton, has informed the Press Association that his Government 
has thought convenient to postpone the inauguration of the 
International Exhibition of Industrial Appliances 
OF Alcohol until January 1, 1903, in order to give ample time 
to British manufacturers to exhibit their goods at Lima. 
Russia.— An International Exhibition of Photo- 
graphy will be held in Moscow in the spring of 1903 under the 
patronage of H. H, the Grand Duke Michael. The exhibition 
will be divided into six sections, as follows : — 1. Scientific 
photography ; 2. Artistic photography ; 3. Photography applied 
to printing ; 4. Works on photography ; 5. Technical applica- 
tions of photography ; 6. Photography considered as a special 
industry. Particulars may be obtained from the Photographic 
Society, 64, Fontanka, St. Petersburg. 
— +— 
NAVAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE. 
NAVAL. 
Rear-Admiral R. W. Craigie, the new Admiral-Super- 
intendent of Chatham Dockyard, hoisted his flag on the 
Pembroke, at Chatham, on the 1st ult. 
Consequent on the retirement of Vice-Admiral R, M, Lloyd, 
C.B., Rear-Admiral Sir L. A. Beaumont, K.C.M.G., has been 
promoted to Vice-Admiral. 
The Royal Oak, battleship, left Portsmouth on the 13th ult. 
for Chatham, where she is to have a refit, including the pro- 
vision of casemates for her upper deck 6-inch guns. 
The Isis, cruiser, Captain G. H. B. Mundy, was com- 
missioned at Chatham, on the 24th ult., with a complement of 
321 officers and men. 
The Hawke, cruiser, Captain Julian C. A. Wilkinson, 
arrived at Chatham on the 16th ult. with the relieved crews of the 
Vulcan, Boxer, Bruiser and Foam , from the Mediterranean 
Station. 
The Crescent , cruiser, Captain H. H. Campbell, ^ ordered 
to be paid off at Portsmouth, on October 3, into the C. Division 
of the Fleet Reserve. She will afterwards undergo a complete 
overhaul. 
The Medea, cruiser, will be commissioned at Jarrow-on- 
Tyne, on October 8, for service in the Cruiser Squadron. Before 
joining the squadron the Medea will undergo trials under the 
supervision of the Parliamentary Boiler Committee. 
The Renown, battleship, Captain Arthur M, Farquhar, has 
been selected to convey the Duke of Connaught, after the 
manoeuvres in the Mediterranean, to India, where his Royal 
Highness will attend the Delhi Durbar. 
The Cornwall, cruiser, which is to be almost identical with 
the Essex, being 440 ft. long, of 9,800 tons displacement, and 
with engines of 22,000 horse-power, developing a speed of 
23 knots, will be launched at Pembroke Dockyard on October 29. 
The Venerable, first-class battleship, is to be commissioned 
at Chatham on October 21 for service in the Mediterranean, 
It was first intended that she should relieve the Magnificent in 
the Channel Squadron, but this arrangement has now been 
altered. 
The Donegal, first-class armoured cruiser, 440 ft. long, 
66 ft. 2 ins. wide, and 24 ft. 6 ins. deep, of 9,800 tons displace- 
ment and 22,000 indicated horse-power, was launched on the 
4th ult. from the yard of the Fairfield Shipbuilding and 
Engineering Company at Govan. 
The Calypso, cruiser, was commissioned at Devonport, on 
the 3rd ult., with a complement of 150 officers and men as drill 
ship for the Newfoundland Royal Naval Reserve. She will go 
under her own steam to Placentia Bay. On arrival there her 
engines and boilers will be removed and the vessel be housed in. 
Rear-Admiral R. F. H. Henderson, on taking over the 
duties on the 1st ult., of Admiral-Superintendent of Portmouth 
Dockyard, hoisted his flag on the Narcissus, cruiser, Captain 
E. G. Shortland, and saluted the flag of Admiral Sir C. F. 
Hotham, Cominander-in-Chief. At sunset. Rear Admiral 
Pelham Aldrich, the outgoing Admiral-Superintendent, struck 
his flag on the Asia, Captain W. Wilson. 
Messrs. John I.Thornycroft and Co. have launched from their 
works at Chiswick, a first-class torpedo-boat which will be known 
as No. no. This vessel is the second of the five torpedo-boats 
ordered from this firm at the latter end of last year. The length 
is 166 ft. ; breadth, 17 ft. 3 ins. ; speed 25 knots, carrying a load 
of 42 tons. The engines are to be four-cylinder triple compound, 
and the boilers are of the Thornycroft-Schulz type. 
The Montagu, battleship, completed her 30 hours' trial at 
four-fifths of her power on the 6th ult. The trial was perfectly 
satisfactory, the mean results being as follows Steam in 
boilers, 262 lb. ; vacuum — starboard, 267 ins., port, 257 ins. ; 
revolutions— starboard, 112-5, port, I °9' 1 ; i.h.p. — starboard, 
6,885, P ort , 6.767- The mean speed of four runs on the 
measured course off the Cornish coast was 17 '8 knots, and the 
coal consumption 178 lb. per i.h.p. per hour. 
The Niger, torpedo-gunboat, completed her 30 hours' coal 
consumption trial on the 6th ult., which was run at one-fifth the 
maximum power of her machinery, the particulars being 
reported as follows .-—Draught of water — forward, 8 ft. 9 ins., 
aft, 10 ft. 4^ ins. ; air pressure, -3 ins. ; pressure of steam at 
boilers, 216 lb. ; ditto, at engines, 205 lb. ; vacuum — starboard, 
26-3 ins., port, 26-7 ins. ; revolutions — starboard, 229 per minute, 
port, 232 ; mean pressure in cylinders — starboard, high, 31 7, 
intermediate, 15*9, low, 6-3 ; port, high, 30*1, intermediate, 157, 
low, 6'i ; i.h.p. — starboard, high, 187, intermediate, 227, low, 
2x8 — total 632 ; port, high, 180, intermediate, 230, low, 216 — 
total 626; total i.h.p., starboard and port, 1,258; coal con- 
sumption, 171 lb. per i.h.p. per hour; speed, 14-493 knots. 
The trial was successful in every respect. In the progressive 
speed trials of the Niger, which were made over the measured 
mile off the Maplin Sands at various speeds, the mean highest 
speed recorded taken for four runs with and against the tide, 
was 207 knots. The mean indicated horse-power for this 
speed was 6,271, and the mean revolutions of the engines 377-5 
per minute. 
The armoured cruiser Ring Alfred, on her full-power trial 
at Portsmouth, on the 2nd ult., proved herself the fastest ship 
in the British Navy, excluding, of course, torpedo-boat craft. 
The mean of mean speeds on several runs over the Admiralty 
deep-sea course at Chesil Beach was 23-465 knots. The speeds 
of the other three vessels of the same class, it may be noted, 
were: — Leviathan, 23-23; and of both Drake and Good Hope, 
23-05 knots. As to coal consumption, this new ship, by Vickers, 
Sons and Maxim (Limited), has also done well, for after 
establishing the fact that she could steam from Portsmouth to 
Melbourne at 15 knots without recoaling, she ran her full-power 
eight hours' trial on a coal consumption of i'8i lb. per unit of 
power per hour. The coal consumption of the Good Hope was 
1 -92 lb. , of the Leviathan x -94 lb. , and of the Drake 1 83 lb. 
The trial of the King A If red was in every respect satisfactory. 
At the close of the eight hours' steaming at full power it was 
found that the mean steam pressure in the boilers had been 
283 lb. , while the vacuum at starboard engine was 26-6 ins. and 
at the port engine 25-5 ins. The starboard engine, running at 
1x8 revolutions, developed 15,170 horse-power, and the port 
engine, making 119-6 revolutions, indicated 15,723 horse-power, 
the collective power being 30,893 indicated horse-power. The 
water expended during the trial was only 39 tons, so that 
altogether the results are very favourable. At the close of the 
eight hours’ test, starting, reversing, and other engine trials, 
took place, as well as steering tests, all with good results. 
The draught forward and aft. was 26 ft. 1 in. 
France. The armoured cruiser JCleber, which was launched 
at Bordeaux on the 20th ult., with all her engines, boilers, 
artillery, and masts on board, lias a displacement of 7,735 tons. 
She has three independent screws, and the contract speed is 
21 knots. The vessel is to carry 26 quick-firing guns. 
The Cherbourg correspondent of the Temps says: — " The 
combined manoeuvres between the coastguard ships and the 
submarines which took place yesterday seem to have resulted in 
favour of the submarines. The theme of the operations was 
that the ironclads should force the blockade of Cherbourg estab- 
lished by the submarines. The latter, therefore, acted on the 
defensive, tactics which seem to suit them best. Thus the sub- 
marine Espaden succeeded twice in torpedoing the Valmy and 
the Jeniappes . The latter was also torpedoed by the Triten, 
who also succeeded in hitting the Valmy. Finally the Algerien 
torpedoed the Bouvines. 1 lie operations took place in a high 
sea and during rainy weather. The submarines throughout the 
manoeuvre were submerged, and their crews were consequently 
unable to take their midday meal in the open air, as had been 
arranged. The result of yesterday's naval manoeuvres, there- 
fore, amply confirms all that has been said concerning the sub- 
marine, namely, that it becomes really dangerous when acting 
on the defensive. A hostile naval force will thus only under ex- 
ceptional circumstances be able to force a blockade established 
by a submarine flotilla. 1 ' 
Russia. — The Nevsky shipbuilding yard has just turned 
out a torpedo-destroyer for the Russian navy. The new de- 
stroyer is the Bystry, and its displacement is 350 tons. In her 
official trial trips, consisting of four runs, with a forced draught, 
the Bystry attained a speed of 27-96 knots when making the last 
two runs, and the average rate of speed came out at 27*1 knots. 
The destroyer built by the Creighton yard on the Neva, and the 
Sokol type, is the Stremitelny ; at its recent official trips this 
boat attained, with a forced draught, an average speed of 
26 19 knots. 
Sweden. — The recent steam trials of the torpedo-boat- 
destroyer Mode, which has been constructed by Messrs. Yarrow 
for the Swedish Government, have been eminently successful. 
1 his vessel is fitted with four \ arrow water-tube boilers and two 
sets of four-cylinder triple-expansion inverted engines, whose 
rotating and reciprocating parts are balanced on the Yarrow- 
Schlick-Tweedy system, and the entire absence of vibration 
either in the engines themselves or in the hull of the vessel, 
when working at all powers up to the maximum of 6,500 horses, 
affords complete proof of the advantages gained by adopting 
this system of balancing. The mean speed obtained from an 
average of six runs over the measured mile was found to be 
32*13 knots per hour, the contract full speed being 31 knots per 
hour. The armament of the Mode consists of two revolving 
18-inch torpedo tubes capable of discharging in any direction, 
six 57-millimetre quick-firing guns situated one on each bow, 
one on the conning tower, two amidships, and one aft ; and she 
has also a searchlight fitted on the top of her chart-house. 
The official trial has been completed of the coast defence 
vessel Aran, built for the Swedish navy. She is 3,700 tons, 
6,500 horse-power, and furnished with eight Yarrow watertube 
boilers. The mean speed exceeded the contract speed by six- 
tenths of a knot, amounting to 17J knots, and the horse-power 
exceeded the contract power by 1,000 horse-power. The coal 
consumption, including the steam for the auxiliary engines, 
amounted to 1-78 lb per horse-power per hour. 
Turkey. — The Turkish Government is organising its navy, 
and has given ordeis for the construction of two cruisers by 
contract, to be named the Abdul Hamid and the A bdul Medjid. 
These are to be 328 feet long, 42 i feet beam, with a mean 
draught of 16 feet, and a tonnage displacement of 3,250. They 
are each to be fitted with engines of 12,000 horse-power, and to 
be capable of steaming 24 knots per hour. The old ironclad 
Messvdieh, which was built at Blackwall in 1874, has also lately 
undergone re-construction by Ansaldo and Co. at Genoa. She 
was originally of 9,120 tons displacement, 332 feet long, 59 feet 
beam, and 26 feet draught, and had a speed of 13 knots per 
hour, with engines of 7,800 horse-power. Since her re-construc- 
tion, which has involved the fitting of barbettes for heavy guns, 
and water-tube boilers with twin-screw engines, she has under- 
gone a steam trial, developing a horse-power of 9,050. Her 
speed, with the new engines developing their full horse-power of 
11,000, is expected to be 17*5 knots per hour. 
United States. — A Laffan telegram, dated New York, 
September 6, states that Lieut. Winchell, of the United States 
navy, has reported to the Navy Department the results of a trial 
voyage with the steamer Mariposa, burning oil fuel, from 
San Francisco to Tahiti. About 278 barrels of oil were con- 
sumed daily, and an average of 2,481 horse-power developed. 
The fuel consumption was practically 50 per cent, less weight 
than the coal necessary for the same voyage. The flame did 
not affect any part of the boilers, and the engine-room force was 
reduced from 36 to 20 men. 
MILITARY. 
H.R.H. the Duke of Connaught has been appointed 
Colonel of the Army Sendee Corps. 
Lieut-Colonel S. A. E. Hickson, D.S.O., has been appointed 
Commanding Royal Engineer at Shorncliffe. 
Lieut. -Colonel G. M. Bullock, C.B. , has been appointed to 
succeed the late Colonel Forestier- Walker as Deputy-Adjutant- 
General in Egypt. 
Major R. A. K. Montgomery has been appointed to the 
Staff of the First Army Corps at Aldershot, as Deputy Assistant 
Quartermaster-General. 
Lieut-Colonel C. J. Mackenzie, C.B., Seaforth Highlanders, 
has been appointed Assistant-Quartermaster-General of the 
South-Eastern District. 
Colonel Sir W. G. Knox, K.C.B., has been appointed a 
Major-General on the Staff to command the Royal Artillery of 
the Second Army Corps. 
Major C. R. H, Hardy, Cheshire Regiment, has been 
appointed to succeed Lieut. -Colonel F. W. Bromfield, in com- 
mand of the 1 st Battalion. 
Lieut. -Colonel Walsh, Somersetshire Light Infantry, has 
been appointed to the command of the 20th Regimental District, 
vice Colonel Bruxner-Rundell retired. 
Lieut. -General Sir John French took over the command of 
the First Army Corps at Aldershot, on his return from the 
German manoeuvres on the 15th ult. 
Captain G. S. Mansfield, Royal Army Medical Corps, who 
was till recently serving at Aldershot, has been posted to the 
Home District'for duty with the Grenadier Guards. 
Lieut. -General Lord William Seymour has been appointed 
Lieutenant of the Tower of London in the room of General Sir 
William Stirling, who has vacated the appointment. 
Colonel R. H. Murray, C.B., now temporarily Major- 
General in command of a brigade at Aldershot, has been 
appointed to the vacant command of the garrison of Alexandria. 
Colonel Allin, Royal Army Medical Corps, who formerly 
commanded the depot and training school at Aldershot, has 
been appointed Principal Medical Officer in Cape Colony. 
Brevet Lieut. -Colonel M'D. Elliot, R.E., has been selected 
to proceed to West Africa in connection with the Anglo-French 
Boundary Commission. 
Colonel Metcalfe, commanding the 2nd Rifle Brigade, has 
been appointed Colonel on the Staff to command the troops in 
Mauritius. 
Colonel C. St. L. Barter, C.B. , lately commanding the 2nd 
King's Own Yorkshire L.I., has been appointed Assistant- 
Adjutant-General in the Thames District, vice Colonel W. T. 
Dooner. 
Brevet Lieut-Colonel J. T. Sterling has been appointed 
Commandant and Lieut. G. C. Hamilton, Grenadier Guards, 
Adjutant of the School of Instruction, at Chelsea Barracks from 
October 1. 
Colonel J. M. Grierson, C.B,, Assistant Quartermaster- 
General, Second Army Corps, has been appointed a Brigadier - 
General on the Staff and Chief of the Staff of the Second Army 
Corps, at Salisbury. 
Colonel J. 'S. S. Barker, R.A. , has been appointed Assistant- 
Adjutant-General at Devonport, in succession to Colonel W. S. 
Clarke, transferred to the Command of the 29th Regimental 
District Dep6t at Worcester. 
Colonel W. E. Webb, Royal Army Medical Corps, now 
Assistant Professor of Clinical and Military Medicine at the 
Army Medical School, Netiey, has been appointed Principal 
Medical Officer at Hong Kong. 
Colonel H. T. S. Yates, Colonel on the Staff commanding 
the Royal Artillery, has assumed command of the Woolwich 
District, vice Major-General Sir F. Maurice, K.C.B., whose 
extended period of command has expired. 
Colonel W. Pitt, who has been for about iS months acting 
as Commanding Royal Engineer of the First Army Corps at 
Aldershot, has been appointed Commanding Royal Engineer of 
the Home (London) District, succeeding Colonel S. Waller. 
Captain R. W. Hare, D.S.O. , Norfolk Regiment, who has 
been serving with the Rhodesian Protectorate Regiment and on 
the Staff in South Africa, has been appointed Aide-de-Camp to 
the Lieutenant-Governor of the Orange River Colony. 
Brevet-Colonel C. T. E. Metcalfe, whose four years in com- 
mand of the 2nd Battalion Rifle Brigade at the Cape expires 
shortly, will not bring his battalion to Egypt, as he has been 
selected for the command of the troops in Mauritius. Colonel 
Metcalf commanded his battalion throughout the siege and 
defence of Ladysmith, and particularly distinguished himself 
in the capture and destruction of a 4*7* in. howitzer which the 
Boers had mounted on Surprise Hill. 
