114 
CLVII. GKAMINE^ (Stapf). 
[Sorghum. 
oblong, 2| lin. long, upper ovate, 1 \ lin. long, 2-lobed to one-tbird ; 
awn up to 8 lin. long. Anthers 2 lin. long. Grain oval, flattened, 
orange, 2 lin. long (Piper). Pedicelled spikelet $ , or sometimes 
the lower more or less reduced, linear-lanceolate, acute, 3 lin. long, 
persistent, glabrous, dull greenish to dark purple ; lower glume 
about 11-, upper 7-nerved; anthers If lin. long. — Andropogon 
Sorghum sudanensis, Piper in Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash, xxviii. 33. 
Nileland. Sudan : specimens grown at Arlington Farm, Virginia, from seed 
secured from It. Hewison, Khartoum, received from Piper ! and without pre- 
cise locality, Penton ! 
Piper definitely refers to this specimens from Upper Egypt and Cairo, both 
collected by Sieber ! from Senegambia, Heudelot, 544 ! and 654 ! and from 
between Kondowe and Karonga, in Nyasaland, Whyte ! Of these Sieber’s 
specimens are undoubtedly Sorghum sudanense and to them might be added 
specimens collected on Gebel Magaier between Siut and Girgeh, Schweinfurth , 
1548 ! and near Benisinef, between Cairo and Kenneh, cultivated, Schwein- 
furth , 1529 ! Heudelot’s specimens (see above), though very similar are some- 
what doubtful, whilst Whyte’s from Nyasaland, consisting of a panicle only, 
is in my opinion probably S. verticilliflorum. 
S. sudanense is now extensively cultivated in the semi-arid regions of the 
United States under the name of Sudan grass. 
4. S. arundinaceum A $to$/l Annual. Culms up to 12 ft. high, 
rather stout, simple, glabrous, more or less pruinose below the nodes. 
Leaf -sheaths delicately silky -pubes cent at the nodes, otherwise 
glabrous ; ligules up to over 1 lin. long, firmly scarious ; blades 
linear from a broad rounded and usually clasping base, long-attenu- 
ated upwards, up to 1J and even 2 ft. long and up to 1J in. broad, 
bright green, sometimes flushed with purple, with a densely tomen- 
tose zone behind the ligule. Panicle erect, ovoid to pyramidal, 
very lax, up to 15 in. by 9 in. ; branches obliquely ascending or 
spreading, slender, flexuous, more or less whorled, longest up to 
1 ft. long, and undivided up to over 3 in. from the base, distantly 
branched, villous (often very densely) at the base, like the branchlets 
very rough, particularly upwards. Bacemes fragile, 2-5-noded, up 
to 1 in. long ; joints slender, 1J-2J (mostly about 2) lin. long, densely 
ciliate, cilia more or less fulvous or purplish, f lin long ; pedicels 
similar, slightly shorter, tips slightly thickened. Sessile spikelet 
lanceolate-oblong to lanceolate-elliptic, acutely acuminate, 3-3 J lin. 
by 1-1J lin., clay-colour to tawny, glossy black (? always) when 
mature, awned or more often awnless ; callus-beard fulvous, J-f lin. 
long. Glumes equal, coriaceous and more or less glossy to beyond 
the middle then thinner to papery, lower about 13-nerved with the 
nerves obscure near the tips, sharply 2-keeled and spinulously 
ciliolate from the middle upwards, fulvously or purplishly strigil- 
lose, hairs loosely appressed or slightly spreading, finally glabres- 
cent except at the sides, upper sharply keeled, with the keel very 
rough towards the tip, 7-nerved, sparingly hairy. Valves con- 
spicuously ciliate, lower broad-lanceolate, 2-2J lin. long, upper 
