308 
CLVii. gr amines (Stapf). \Hyparrhenia. 
very short, the upper filiform, widened below, up to 2 lin. long, both 
densely pubescent or villous in the fork, the upper pubescent upwards 
with a usually scanty beard of long whitish more or less stiff and 
sometimes minutely tubercle-based hairs ; joints filiform, obliquely 
truncate, up to over 1 lin. long, shortly and densely ciliate, lower cilia 
white or pale, upper fulvous ; pedicels very similar but slightly 
longer. Homogamous pair of spikelets 1 at the base of the lower 
raceme, rarely of both. Fertile spikelets linear-oblong, 2-24 lin. long, 
greenish, sometimes tinged with purple ; callus short, obtuse, shortly 
bearded. Glumes equal, subchartaceous ; lower narrowly truncate, 
dorsally flattened, margin narrowly involute to over two-thirds, 
then reflexed from the fine rigidly ciliolate keels, more or less ful- 
vously pubescent, finely 9 -nerved ; upper glume subobtuse, 3- 
nerved, spreadingly ciliate upwards. Lower floret reduced to a 
linear-oblong truncate reversedly ciliate hyaline 2 -nerved valve. 
Upper floret 8 : valve stipitiform, 2-dentate (teeth eciliate and up to 
J lin. long), awn f-1 in. long, rarely longer, brown, fulvously hirtel- 
lous ; valvule a minute hyaline scale, \ lin. long, or 0. Anthers up to 
almost 1 lin. long. Pedicelled spikelets usually <$, linear-lanceolate, 
acute, 2-3 lin. long, like the sessile in colour and hairiness, if not 
darker ; glumes equal, the lower subherbaceous, 9-nerved, upper 
membranous, 3-nerved, ciliate ; valves shorter than the glumes, 
reversedly ciliate ; the lower oblong, finely 3-nerved, the upper 
cuneate- linear, emarginate, 1 -nerved. Homogamous spikelets 
similar to the pedicelled, up to 3J lin. long. —Andropogon altissimus , 
Hochst. ex A. Braun in Flora, 1841, 277. A.fulvicomus, var. approxi- 
matus , Hochst. in sched. (Schimp. It. Abyss, sect. ii. 928). A. rufus , 
var. fulvicomus, Hack, in DC. Monogr. Phan. vi. 621 (partly). 
Nile Land. Abyssinia : Tigre ; Adowa, Schimper, 1114! Amogai, Schimper, 
1043 ! Gondar, Massey, 13 ! and without precise locality, Schimper, 928 ! 
Plants raised by A. Braun from seed communicated by Schimper (Herb. 
Few.) grew up to 7 ft. high and were more robust than the wild specimens. 
Their panicles are lengthened out to over 2 ft., but still are scanty. The racemes 
are also enlarged, and frequently grouped in a tribotryum, the additional raceme 
being shorter and intercalated between the two long ones. There is a homo- 
gamous pair of spikelets at the base of each raceme, and the pedicelled spike- 
lets of the lower raceme-pairs (particularly of the lowest raceme) are often 
replaced by a trio of spikelets, consisting of a $ sessile and 2 <$ pedicelled 
spikelets. It seems not improbable that H. altissima is a cross of H. ruja and 
H. papillipes, specimens of both of which were collected by Schimper in the 
neighbourhood of Adowa within a few days (H. altissima and H. rufa on Nov. 8, 
1838, and H. papillipes on Nov. 13, 1838). 
6. H. exarmata^ Stapf. Annual, about 3 ft. high. Culms 
stout, erect or suberect, terete, glabrous, about 7-noded and simple 
below the spatheate panicle. Leaf-sheaths terete, tight, firm, 
glabrous ; ligules scarious, rounded, 1-1J lin. long ; blades linear 
from an equally w r ide base, long-attenuated upwards, up to almost 
1J ft. by 1J-2J lin., firm, glabrous, scabrid along the margins, 
otherwise smooth, pale green or at length reddish ; midrib rather 
