342 
clvii. gramine^e (Stapf). [ Hyparrhenia . 
red, glabrous or with few long tubercle-based hairs on the lower 
part, scabrid to spinulous along the margins, otherwise smooth or 
slightly rough, midrib rather slender on the back, wider and whitish 
above, prominent below, primary lateral nerves about 4 on each side. 
Spatheate panicle often large, leafy, decompound (to the third 
degree), up to over 2 ft. long, sometimes overtopped by the upper- 
most blades ; tiers up to over 10, distant below (lowest internodes 
up to 7 in. long in robust plants), upwards gradually approaching 
each other, 6- to over 10-rayed, usually mixed ; lower subtending 
leaves developed almost throughout as normal leaves with shortened 
sheaths and long blades, upper spathes rapidly reduced upwards 
assuming the shape of the spatheoles, compound rays up to over 1 ft. 
long, and up to 5-noded, ultimate simple rays finely filiform, 1-1J 
in. long. Spatheoles permanently boat-shaped, obliquely erect or 
horizontal on the arched rays, lanceolate, acutely acuminate, about 
1 in. long by 1J lin., thinly scarious, reddish or tinged with 
purple, glabrous. Peduncles at length filiform, 6-10 lin. long, 
Jong-bearded upwards, hairs white, about 2 lin. long, fine, tubercle- 
based. Racemes slightly spreading, laterally exserted from the 
spatheoles, soon more or less epinastically deflexed and somewhat 
lax, 7-9 lin. long, 5-8-awned per pair, obscurely or distinctly hairy ; 
bases very short, long -bearded ; joints like the pedicels, finely 
filiform, truncate, 1 lin. long, shortly white-ciliate, cilia up to J lin. 
long. Homogamous pair of spikelets 1 at the base of the lower 
raceme only. Fertile spikelets linear-oblong, 2 J lin. long, pale, glabrous 
or hairy, callus very short, subacute, densely and shortly bearded. 
Glumes equal, subchartaceous, minutely truncate, lower flat on the 
back, slightly grooved between the innermost nerves, 9-nerved, 
nerves very faint below, margins very narrowly involute, indexed 
towards the tips, forming short scaberulous keels ; upper glume 
3-nerved, erect-ciliolate upwards. Lower floret reduced to a linear- 
oblong obtuse obscurely 2-nerved sparingly ciliate hyaline valve, 
If lin. long. Upper floret ^ : valve stipitiform, minutely 2-toothed, 
awn slender, 10-15 lin. long, column fulvous, finely hispidulous ; 
valvule 0. Anthers 1 lin. long. Pedicelled spikelets $ or neuter, 
linear-lanceolate, 2i-3 (rarely 3J) lin. long, glabrous or hairy ; 
lower glume chartaceous, produced into a bristle 1-2 lin. long, 
9-nerved, rigidly ciliolate on the keels ; upper membranous, acute, 
often mucronulate, 3-nerved, ciliolate ; valves hyaline, linear-oblong, 
ciliolate, 1-nerved, upper to 2J, lower 2 lin. long, often minutely 
notched ; anthers up to almost 1 J lin. long, rudimentary. Spikelets 
of the homogamous pair very similar to the pedicelled, but up to 
4 or 4J lin. long, one of them slightly broader and longer with 
longer cilia. — Andropogon Schimperi, Hochst. in Flora, 1841, Intell. 
i. 20 (name only), and ex A. Rich. Tent. FI. Abyss, ii. 466 ; Steud. 
Syn. PI. Glum. i. 384 ; Hack, in DC. Monogr. Phan. vi. 623 (partly) ; 
Durand & Schinz, Consp. FI. Afr. v. 721 (partly) ; Schweinf. in 
