16 
INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY VERTEBRATA. 
Distribution. — All the known remains 1 of this species have been obtained from 
the typical Siwalik Hills. 
HI. THE GENUS MERYCOPOTAMUS. 
Present notice— The chief characters of this genus have been already described 
in the present work 2 and in the “ Cat. Foss. Mamm. Brit. Mus.,” 3 and the object of 
the present notice is to give figures on a scale sufficiently large to illustrate some of 
the characteristic features of the two larger typical species. The structure of the 
upper molars of the small M. pusillus renders it probable that Hemimeryx 4 must be 
included in the present genus. 
Species 1. Merycopotamus dissimilis, Falc. and Caut. 6 
Characters. — This species is of comparatively large size, and characterized by 
the wide mandibular symphysis, the long jaws, the comparatively straight profile 
.and slight vertical depth of the cranium, the presence of a deep fossa on the outer 
side of the mandible of the male behind the canine, and the nearly flat inner surface 
of the third lobe of mTh in the same sex. The canines are proportionately smaller 
than in the next species. 
Cranium. — The type cranium is represented in the “ Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis,” 
pi. LXVII. figs. 1, la, on a reduced scale; a full-sized view of the last four cheek- 
teeth being given in pi. V. fig. 1 of this memoir. As the anterior part of this 
specimen is unfortunately wanting the size of the canine cannot be determined, but 
the large dimensions of the cranium indicates that it belonged to a male. The 
straightness of the cranial profile is well shown in the original figures ; the length of 
the space occupied by the three true molars (of which the last is almost unworn) is 
3’2 inches. 
In pi. V. fig. 2 there is given the palatal view of the anterior part of a cranium 
collected by Mr. Theobald near Bhimber, which may provisionally be regarded as 
belonging to a female 6 of the present species. The specimen is considerably damaged, 
but exhibits nearly all the cheek-teeth, portions of the canines, and the broken bases 
or alveoli of the incisors. In its general contour and low elevation the cranium 
agrees with the type specimen, but is of considerably smaller dimensions, the length 
of the space occupied by the three true molars being 2 - 8, and the interval between 
the canine and the hinder border of m. 3 6-2 inches. The structure of the cheek- 
teeth is similar to that of the type specimen 7 ; the canines are comparatively small, 
and have an antero-posterior diameter of 0-7 inch. The structure of the palate 
agrees generally with that obtaining in Sus, and exhibits similar large foramina ; it 
is, however, relatively wider, and the incisors are of subequal size. In the two latter 
respects the genus agrees more nearly with Hippopotamus ; and similar features are 
1 See “ Cat. Foss. Mamm. Brit. Mus.” pt. II. pp. 65-6, and “ Cat. Siwalik Vert. Ind. Mus.” pt. I. p. 20. 
2 Vol. II. p. 165. The feet were tetradactylate. 3 Part II. p. 209. 
4 Supra, vol. II. p. 167 pi. XXIII. fig. 5. 5 < Asiatic Researches.’ vol. XIX. p. 51 (1836) — Hippopotamus. 
6 It is entered in the “ Cat. Siwalik Vert. Ind. Mus.” pt. I. p. 38 (No. B. 110) as helonging to a small male. 
7 Those of the tyye spcimen are viewed more from the external surface. 
