46 
INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY VERTEBRATA. 
the Cathedral represented in pi. XI. figs. 13, 13a agrees precisely with the corres- 
sponding tooth of this species, and may accordingly be taken as indicating its 
occurrence among the Karnul fauna. 
Tetraceros quadricornis (Blainville). 
Mandible . — The imperfect left mandibular ramus containing all the cheek-teeth 
except pm. 2 represented in pi. XI. figs. 12, 12a was obtained from bed Cd in the 
Cathedral. This specimen, which exhibits the slender external accessory column in 
the true molars characteristic of some individuals of this species, 1 cannot be distin- 
guished from the corresponding portion of the mandible of existing examples of 
the four-horned antelope,' and exhibits the relatively large size of the premolars 
characteristic of the genus. The relatively large size of these teeth may be seen 
by comparing the figures of the specimen with those of the mandible of Gazella 
bennetti represented in figs. 15, 15a of the same plate, when it will be observed that 
while the length of m73 is nearly the same in the two specimens, the length of the 
space occupied by the three preraolars in the latter is rather less than the united 
length of the two hinder teeth of that series in the present specimen. Tetraceros 
quadricornis is one of the commonest of the larger Madras mammals, and may 
probably be regarded as the descendant of the smaller T. daviesi 2 of the Siwaliks. 
Cervus aristotelis, Cuvier. 
Antler . — An imperfect antler from bed Ca in the Cathedral agrees very closely 
with that of the existing sambar. 
Molars . — Numerous upper molars indistinguishable from those of the living 
race have been obtained from beds Gb, Cc, Cd, and Cf, of the Cathedral, of which 
two very perfect examples are figured in pi. XI. figs. 5, 5a, and 6, 6a. The 
specimen represented in figs. 5, 5a is a first left upper true molar, while that in 
figs. 6, 6a is the second molar of the opposite side. Both teeth are partially worn, 
and exhibit very clearly the short, squared crowns, with the large accessory column 
attached at its base to both the adjacent crescents. 
Vertebra and limb-bones . — It is not improbable that an atlas vertebra (No. F 
305) from bed Ca of the Cathedral belongs to this species, and Mr. Foote 3 refers to 
it an imperfect tibia (No. F. 305, a) and an astragalus (No. F. 305, b) from .bed L in 
the Charnel-House. 
Cange . — The species is found throughout India, and thence through Assam and 
Burma to the Malay peninsula, and also occurs in Ceylon ; it has been provisionally 
recorded from the pleistocene of the Narbada valley. 4 
Cervus axis, Erxleben. 
Molars . — To this species may be referred the two specimens of third upper true 
molars from beds Cb and Cc in the Cathedral represented in pi. XI. figs. 1, la, and 3. 
l Vide supra, p. 20. 2 Ibid, p. 19. 3 ‘Rec. Geol. Surv. Ind.’ vol. XVII. p. 207 (Nos. 15, 16). 
i “ Cat. Foss. Mamin. Brit. Hus.” pt. H. p. 103 (1885). 
