50 
INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY VERTEBRATA. 
the anterior border is much superior. 1 A slightly-worn second upper true molar 
from bed Gc in the Cathedral agrees with m.2 of S. cristatus in the squareness of the 
crown, and has not the extremely elongated form usually characteristic of slightly 
worn specimens of this tooth in S. falconeri (compare vol. III. pi. VII. fig. 5). 
Distinctness and affinities. — The structure of the cheek-teeth of the present form 
indicates that their affinity is nearer to S. cristatus and S. falconeri than to any other 
species. Their superior size apparently, however, forbids their reference to the 
former species, while the differences indicated above appear equally conclusive as to 
their distinction from the latter ; and it is accordingly proposed to refer them to a 
new species, with the name of S. karnuliensis. The resemblance between the teeth 
of this species and those of certain examples of S. falconeri may suggest that the 
former is the survivor of the form connecting the latter with the existing S. cristatus. 
Manis gigantea, Illiger. 
Phalangeal. — The terminal phalangeal of the third digit of the right manus of 
a large Manis represented in pi. VIII. figs. 8, 8a was obtained from bed Gc in the 
Cathedral cave. This specimen indicates a much larger animal than the existing 
Indian M. pentadactgla , 2 and agrees so closely with the corresponding bone of M. 
gigantea of western Africa that it certainly indicates a very closely allied form, which, 
in the absence of any evidence to the contrary, may be regarded as specifically 
identical. The fossil specimen is slightly larger than the corresponding bone of a 
skeleton in the British Museum, 3 of which the total length is 4 feet 6 inches. 
The Siwalik edentate. — In the first volume 4 of the present work the second 
plalangeal of the third digit of the manus of an edentate from the lower Siwaliks of 
Sind was described and figured under the name of Manis sindiensis. The opportunity 
of comparing a cast of this specimen with the corresponding bones of Manis gigantea 
and Macrotherium giganteum has, however, convinced the writer that this determination 
is erroneous, and that the Siwalik edentate 
should rather be referred to Macrotherium. Com- 
pared with Manis the specimen (woodcut fig. 
4) differs by the supratrochlear portion being 
shorter, and by the lesser projection of the free 
borders of the trochlese, as well as by the 
superior termination of the posterior surface 
being higher than that of the anterior, and the 
narrowness of the ridge dividing the two articu- 
lar facettes on the proximal surface. In these 
respects the specimen agrees very closely with the corresponding bone of Macro- 
1 In the Siwalik specimen the talon is less developed than usual, and thereby shows on a superficial examination a closer 
resemblance to the Kamul teeth than is really the case. 
2 The Kamul form was referred to this species by Mr. Foote in the ‘ Rec. Geol. Surv. Ind.’ vol. XVIII. p. 232. 
3 No. 1458*. See Gray “ Hand-List of Edentate, etc., Mammals,” p. 10 (1873). 
4 Page 82 (64), pi. VIII. figs. 11-14. 
Fig. 4. Macrotherium sindicnse. The second 
phalangeal of the third digit of the manus, 
viewed from the anterior and distal aspects ; 
from the lower Siwaliks of Sind. Indian 
Museum (No. D. 99). 
