BLACK-THROATED WAXWING. 
165 
the species. Roof of upper m'andible slightly concave, with three ridges ; 
tongue triangular, concave, horny, deep slit, with two slender points ; 
oesophagus very wide, much dilated about the middle ; stomach rather small, 
elliptical, muscular ; intestine short and extremely wide ; coeca very small. 
BLACK-THROATED WAXWING, OR BOHEMIAN 
CHATTERER, 
Bombycilla garrula, Vieill. 
PLATE CCXLY. — Male and Female. 
The first intimations of the occurrence of this beautiful bird in North 
America, were made by Mr. Drummond and Dr. Richardson, by the former 
of whom it was found in 1826, near the sources of the Athabasca, or Elk 
river, in the spring, and by the latter, in the same season, at Great Bear 
Lake, in latitude 50°. Dr. Richardson states, in the Fauna Boreali-Ame- 
ricana, that “ specimens procured at the former place, and transmitted to 
England, by the servants of the Hudson’s Bay Company, were communi- 
cated by Mr. Leadbeater to the Prince of Musignano, who had introduced 
the species into his great work on the Birds of the United States.” “ In its 
autumn migration southwards,” he continues, “this bird must cross the 
territory of the United States, if it does not actually winter within it ; but I 
have not heard of its having been hitherto seen in America to the southward 
of the fifty -fifth parallel of latitude. The mountainous nature of the country 
skirting the Northern Pacific Ocean being congenial to the habits of this 
species, it is probably more generally diffused in New Caledonia and the 
Russian American Territories, than to the eastward of the Rocky Mountain 
chain. It appears in flocks at Great Bear Lake about the 24th of May, 
when the spring thaw has exposed the berries of the alpine arbutus, marsh 
vaccinium, &c., that have been frozen and covered during winter. It stays 
only for a few days, and none of the Indians of that quarter with whom I 
conversed had seen its nests ; but I have reason to believe, that it retires in 
the breeding season to the rugged and secluded mountain-limestone districts, 
in the sixty-seventh and sixty-eighth parallels, where it feeds on the fruit of 
