220 
THE IVORY-BILLED WOODPECKER. 
tip ; the space between the ridges concave, the margins overlapping and 
obtuse ; the tip wedge shaped and truncate. The lower mandible, b, has the 
angle of moderate length and width, the dorsal line ascending and very 
slightly convex, the ridge narrow, with a broad groove on each side, beyond 
which the sides become erect and convex, the edges very broad, for two- 
thirds of their length roundish, afterwards flattened, the tip wedge-shaped 
and abrupt. The gap lino is almost straight. 
The roof of the mouth is somewhat convex : there are upon it two longi- 
tudinal papillate ridges, meeting anteriorly to the palatal slit, whence to the 
tip is a median groove, at the anterior extremity of which is a small hole ; 
the upper mandible is but slightly concave. The posterior aperture of the 
nares is oblongo-linear, margined with acute papillse, the space between it 
and the ridges also papillate. 
The nostrils are oblong, 3 
twelfths in length, li twelfths in 
height, entirely covered by the 
bristly reversed feathers. The 
aperture’of the eye is ii twelfths 
in width. That of the ear hori- 
zontally oblong, 35 twelfths in 
length, and 2 twelfths in height. 
The heart is of moderate size, 
broadly conical, 1 inch 2 twelfths 
long, 1 inch 1 twelfth in breadth 
at the base. The liver is very 
small, the right lobe much larger 
than the left, the former being 11 
twelfths long and 1 inch broad, 
while the latter is 10 i twelfths 
long and 7 twelfths in breadth. 
There is no gall-bladder. 
The oesophagus, a b c, is 65 
inches long, and of the nearly uni- 
form width of 6 twelfths. On en- 
tering the thorax, at a, it curves 
considerably to the left side, and 
becomes very muscular ; the pro- 
ventriculus, b c, has a breadth of 
7i twelfths. The stomach, c d, 
is of moderate size, of a broadly 
Fig. 1. 
