THE RED PHALAROPE. 293 
and a quarter by seven- eighths ; their ground colour is dull greenish-yellow 
irregularly blotched and dotted with reddish-brown. 
Red Phalarope, Phalaropus hyperboreus , Wils. Amer. Orn., vol. ix. p. 75. 
Phalaropus fulicarius, Bonap. Syn., p. 341. 
Piialaropus fulicarius, Flat-billed Phalarope , Swains, and Rich. F. Bor. Amer., 
vol. ii. p. 407. 
Red Phalarope, Nutt. Man., vol. ii. p. 236. 
Red Phalarope, Phalaropus fulicarius , Aud. Orn. Biog., vol. iii. p. 404. 
Adult, 7£, 13. 
Occasionally in flocks in Kentucky, on the Ohio, during autumn often at 
b.a on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. Breeds in high northern lati- 
tudes, as far as Melville Peninsula. Stragglers at times reach as far south 
as New Jersey, but the route of this species toward warmer regions is along 
the Pacific coast. 
Adult Male in summer. 
Bill scarcely longer than the head, straight, slender, nearly cylindrical, 
towards the end broader and flattened, the tip narrow. Upper mandible 
with the dorsal line straight, excepting at the end, where it is a little curved, 
the ridge convex, flattened at the broad part, the sides slightly sloping, the 
edges rounded, and -near the slightly curved obtuse tip inflected. Nasal 
groove linear, extending to near the tip ; nostrils basal, linear-elliptical. 
Lower mandible with the angle very long and narrow, the sides convex, the 
tip narrowed, obtuse. 
Head small, with the fore part high and rounded ; eyes small. Neck of 
moderate length! Body rather full. Feet rather short, slender ; tibia bare, a 
short way above the joint ; tarsus much compressed, narrowed before and 
behind, covered anteriorly with numerous scutella ; toes very slender, first 
extremely small, free, with a slight membrane beneath ; second shorter than 
third, which is a little longer ; all scutellate above, the anterior margined on 
both sides with lobed and pectinated membranes, which are united at the 
base, so as to render the foot nearly half-webbed, the outer web much longer 
than the inner. Claws very small, compressed, arched, obtuse, that of the 
middle toe with an inner sharp edge. 
Plumage soft and slender, the feathers on the back and wings somewhat 
distinct. Wings long and pointed ; primary quills tapering, but rounded, 
the first longest, the second a little shorter, the rest rapidly graduated ; 
secondary quills rather short, obliquely truncate, the inner tapering and 
elongated, so as nearly to equal the longest primaries when the wing is 
closed. Tail of moderate length, much rounded, of twelve feathers. 
Bill greenish-yellow, black at the point. Iris brown. Feet pale greyish- 
Vol. Y. 41 
