298 
HYPERBOREAN PHALAROPE. 
pectinated membranes, which are united at the base, so as to render the foot 
half webbed ; the outer web much longer than the inner. Claws very small, 
compressed, arched, that of the middle toe with a recurved sharp edge. 
Plumage soft and blended. Feathers of the back, and especially the 
scapulars, elongated. Wings long and pointed ; primary quills tapering, but 
rounded, the first longest, the second scarcely shorter, the rest rapidly 
graduated ; secondary quills rather short and narrow, the inner tapering 
and elongated so as nearly to equal the longest primaries when the wing is 
closed. Tail rather short, much rounded, of twelve feathers. 
Bill black. Iris dark brown. Feet bluish-grey ; claws black. The gene- 
ral colour of the upper parts is greyish-black, the head lighter and more 
tinged with grey, the scapulars and some of the feathers of the back edged 
with yellowish-red, of which colour also are the sides of the head and neck ; 
throat and sides of the upper part of the neck white. Wing-coverts and 
quills brownish-black, tinged with grey, the shafts of the quills, the margins 
and tips of the secondaries, and a broad bar on the tips of the secondary 
coverts, white. Tail light grey, the feathers margined with white, the two 
middle ones dark brownish-grey, the lateral upper tail-coverts white, barred 
with dusky. The breast and abdomen white. 
Length to end of tail 6 inches, to end of claws 6£, to end of wing 5§ ; 
extent of wings 134 ; w r ing from flexure 44 ; tail 2\ ; bill along the back j-|, 
along the edge of lower mandible \\ ; tarsus middle toe , its claw T V 
Adult Female. 
The female is similar to the male, but the red markings are not so deep 
in tint. 
Young fully fledged. 
The young bird has the markings similarly disposed, but the upper parts 
are in general of a dull dark grey, the red of the neck much fainter, and 
that of the scapulars much paler, and inclining to greyish-yellow. 
The mouth is extremely narrow, its breadth being only 24 twelfths ; the 
palate straight, with two longitudinal ridges, and three anterior series of 
papillae ; the upper mandible concave, with a median prominent line, the 
lower more deeply concave ; the posterior apertures of the nares linear. The 
tongue 10-J twelfths long, emarginate and papillate at the base, immediately 
after contracted, extremely slender, as high as broad, grooved above, taper- 
ing to a point, and horny on the greater part of its extent. (Esophagus, 
a b c, 34 inches long, its width 2 twelfths ; proventriculus, be, 4 twelfths 
in breadth. Liver very large, the right lobe 14 'inches long, the left 10 
twelfths. Stomach, c d e, roundish, oblique, of moderate size, 8 twelfths 
long, 7 twelfths broad ; the lateral muscles large and distinct, the lower 
prominent and thick ; the epithelium of moderate thickness, dense, with 
