216 
COOPER’S FLYCATCHER— OLIVE-SIDED FLYCATCHER. 
Olive-sided Flycatcher, Muscicapa Cooperi, Aud. Orn. Biog., vol. ii. p. 422 ; vol, 
v. p. 422. 
Wing pointed, second quill longest, first longer than third; tail emarginate, 
the three first primaries very slightly attenuated at the ends ; upper parts, 
cheeks, and sides of the neck, dusky brown, tinged with greyish-olive, the 
head darker ; quills and tail blackish-brown, the secondaries margined with 
brownish- white ; downy feathers on the sides of the rump white ; lower parts 
greyish-white, the sides dusky grey. Young similar to adult. 
Male, 7i, 121. 
From Texas northward along the Atlantic. Never seen far in the interior. 
Columbia river. Migratory. 
The Balsam or Silver Fir. 
Pinus balsamea, Willd., Sp. PI., vol. iv. p. 504. Pursch, FI. Amer. Sept., vol. ii. 
p. 639. — Abies balsamieera, Mich., FI. Amer., vol. ii. p. 207. — Moncecia 
Monadelphia, Linn. — Conifers, Juss. 
This beautiful fir is abundant in the State of Maine, where I made a draw- 
ing of the twig before you. It grows on elevated rocky ground, often near 
streams or rivers. Its general form is conical, the lower branches coming 
off horizontally near the ground, and the succeeding ones becoming gradually 
more oblique, until the uppermost are nearly erect. The leaves and cones 
become so resinous in autumn, that, in climbing one of these trees, a person 
is besmeared with the excreted juice, which is then white, transparent, and 
almost fluid. The leaves are solitary, flat, emarginate, or entire, bright green 
above, and glaucous or silvery beneath ; the cones cylindrical, erect, with 
short obovate, serrulate, mucronate scales. It is abundant in the British 
provinces, the Northern States, and in the higher parts of the Alleghany 
Mountains. The height does not exceed fifty feet. The bark is smooth, 
the wood light and resinous. The resin is collected and sold under the 
names of Balm of Gilead and Canada Balsam. 
