THE WHITE-CROWNED FINCH. 
161 
palate ascending, with two longitudinal ridges, 
forming a soft protuberance at their junction 
anterior!} 7 ; the upper mandible beneath with 
three ridges and four grooves. Tongue 4 twelfths 
long, deeper than broad, with a median groove 
above, and tapering to an acute point. (Eso- 
phagus, ab c, 2 inches 3 twelfths in length, its 
greatest width when dilated 5 twelfths. Pro- 
ventriculus, be, 3 twelfths in breadth. Stomach, 
d e, placed obliquely, 6 twelfths long, 7£ twelfths 
broad, its lateral muscles large and distinct, the 
lower muscle also prominent, but thin, the 
epithelium as usual, with strong longitudinal 
rugae. Intestine, efg h ij , 8 inches long, from 
2 twelfths to twelfths in breadth ; cceca, i, 1J 
twelfths long, and|- twelfth in breadth, 9 twelfths 
distant from the extremity, j. Trachea 1 inch 
8 twelfths long, the rings 70 with 2 dimidiate, 
pretty firm and a little flattened. Bronchial 
half rings about 12. Muscles as usual, the in- 
ferior laryngeal moderately large. 
The Summer Grape. 
Vitis aestivalis, var. Sinuata, Pursch , FI or. Amer. Sept., vol. i. p. 169. 
This variety has large cordate leaves, which are less deeply lobed, and 
with large marginal teeth. It occurs in all the barren lands of the Western 
Country, particularly in those of Kentucky, Tennessee, and Illinois. 
Although it seldom attains much strength of stem, it spreads broadly on the 
bushes, and forms beautiful festoons. The grapes are juicy and agreeable 
to the taste. They are fully ripe by the middle of August, and remain 
hanging until destroyed by the frost. When wild pigeons happen to be 
abundant where it grows, they speedily devour the fruit. 
