BLACK- AND- YELLOW-CROWNED FINCH. 
163 
the fourth, the other primaries moderately graduated ; the outer seconda- 
ries slightly emarginate, the inner not elongated. Tail long, rounded. 
Bill reddish-brown, dusky toward the point; feet flesh-coloured, claws 
dusky. The upper part of the head is black, with a longitudinal median 
band of yellow, changing behind to grey ; upper parts yellowish-brown, 
tinged with grey, the feathers of the fore part of the back, scapulars, and 
wing-coverts with a central dusky spot ; quills and larger coverts dark 
brown, bordered with reddish-brown, paler on the primaries ; the tips of 
the first row of small coverts, and of the secondary coverts, white, forming 
two bands across the wing. Tail greyish-brown, the feathers edged with 
yellowish-grey. The sides of the head, throat, fore part and sides of the 
neck, sides of the body, and fore part of the breast, light grey, the sides tinged 
with yellow, the rest of the lower parts brownish-white. 
Length to end of tail 8 inches ; bill along the ridge x 5 | ; wing from flexure 
; tail 3 T % ; tarsus H*; hind toe T 4 ^, its claw ; middle toe 1 8 g, its 
claw t 3 J. 
A young male, shot by Mr. Townsend, on the Rocky Mountains, on the 
12th of July, 1834, has all the upper parts dull yellowish-grey, streaked 
with dusky ; the wings and tail dusky brown, the quills edged with reddish- 
brown, the two bands on the coverts light reddish-brown ; the lower parts 
whitish, streaked with dusky, the throat white, with a band of dusky spots 
on each side from the lower mandible. 
Genus X.— PIPILO, Vieill GROUND-FINCH. 
Bill short, stout, narrower than the head, conical, somewhat compressed, 
acute ; upper mandible with the dorsal line slightly convex, the ridge nar- 
row and distinct, the sides convex, the edges somewhat inflected, ascending 
for more than a third, then direct, with a slight festoon ; notches very slight, 
tip declinate, narrow ; lower mandible with the angle very short and broad, 
the dorsal line slightly convex, the sides rounded, the edges involute, the 
point acute. Nostrils basal, roundish, partially concealed by the feathers. 
Tarsus of moderate length, compressed, with seven scutella ; toes rather 
large, scutellate above, the first stronger, the lateral nearly equal. Claws 
rather long, moderately arched, slender, compressed, laterally grooved, acute. 
