107 
1, Ojil>\va; 2, Cliipowyao ; 3, Kluvc; 4. Interioi' Salitih; 5, Ilaiila. f hcpvfxlucf’d fiom 
Wdiinh, F. ir.; “ Cfiijftil'nn!, Ahaviijiiinl fV/aof'.v/' The Coiiadian Field-Xul unilist, vol. 
.r.t‘.riii, May, 1919, p. 25.) 
however, had one serious defect; the free-grained cedar was apt to 
split with the pounding of the waves and cause the craft to swamp. 
To prevent this some of the early missionaries taught the Indians to 
strengthen the larger boats with ribs.i but the device failed to meet 
with general acceptance. 
lhark-covered canoes had a much wider range than dugouts, for 
they prevailed not only in eastern Canada, but throughout the basin 
1 Crosby, T. ; “Up and down the North Paeifie Coast by Canoe and Mission Ship,” p. 12S 
< Toronto, n.d). 
