283 
pushing out the Irotiuois who had taken possession of the land; 
some of the Lake Superior Ojibwa occupied ]:)arts of Manitoba, 
Wisconsin, and Minnesota; and some spread eastward along the 
north shore of lake Huron into Georgian bay. 
In these regions they have remained throughout the settlement 
of the country, becoming more and more closely confined to the 
numerous reserves that the government has set aside for their use. 
In southeastern Ontario they earn a rather meagre livelihood by 
farming; farther north, around the Great Lakes, they still hunt the 
moose and trap the fur-bearing animals, although game is decreasing, 
and white farmers and lumbermen have invaded many of their old 
hunting-grounds. Some find employment as guides and canoe-men, 
others eke out the diminishing supply of fish and meat with a little 
garden produce. New lumber and mining camps, new settlements 
and towns are sj^ringing up around them, and the old migratory life 
of hunting is fast becoming impossible. Nothing will then remain 
for them except the rather tedious occupations of the white man, 
in which the Indians are handicapped by lack of experience and 
training. Whether they can patiently endure continuous and 
monotonous toil, so unlike the strenuous but intermittent exertions 
of the chase, is uncertain; and modern industry has little sympathy 
for the unsteady labourer, especially if he differ in appearance and 
speech from the ordinary workman. So the future of the Ojibwa 
is not alluring. Doubtless a few will break altogether with their old 
traditions, merge their interests with the white maids, and prosper. 
The majority will be less fortunate. Some will join the ranks of 
our casual labourers; others will struggle against penury on miserable 
farms; and many families will succumb altogether, helplessly cast 
adrift in a strange and complex world that they are unable to 
comprehend. 
CREE 
The Cree (Cree; contraction of Kristineaux. the French form 
of a name, of unknown meaning, that a portion of the tribe applied 
to itself) were closely related and almost equal in number to the 
Ojibwa, whom they flanked on the north and west. Like the Ojibwa, 
too, they occupied an immense area of country. On the north they 
were bounded by the coast-line from Eastmain river nearly do 
Churchill; on the east by lakes Mistassini and Nichikun. Their 
