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APPENDIX A 
NOTES ON LINGUISTIC MAP 
4'liis liiijiuistic map differs from all previous maps in that it 
attempts to show the locations of the tribes immediately before the 
fur trade brought about widesjiread disturliances. Seeing that 
Europeans were in contact with the Indians from tlie CIrcat Lakes 
eastward two centuries before they encountered any of tlic remaining 
tribes of Canada, the map has been constructed for two dates, 
lAif) A. I), for tribes east of 85 degrees west longitude, and 1725 A. I), 
for tribes west of that longitude. 
Crec, Montagnais, and Naskapi. The locations assigned to 
these tribes, and their boundaries as outlinefl on the map, 
are based on Speck. ¥. CL: “Culture Problems in X"orth-East- 
ern X'orth America”; Ih’oceedings of the American Philosophical 
Society, volume 65, 1926, pages 274-277. In determining the tribal 
affiliations of the various bands Speck has relied mainly fin the 
material culture. His boundaries would have to be greatly changed 
if linguistic differences were made the criterion. 
Iroquoians. Cartier’s narrative proves that the Iroquoians con- 
trolled the St. Lawrence river for some distance lielow (ijuebec. W. J. 
Wintemberg, assistant arclueologist of the National Museum of 
Canada, has discovered prehistoric Iroquoian camping sites as far 
east as Kegashka. which would indicate that tliey controlled in 
summer the north shore of the gulf. 
Ojibwa. By 1725 the Ojibwa seem to have lieen pushing west- 
ward into the Red River country. 
Assiniboine, Gros Ventre, Black foot, Sarcee. The locations for 
tliese tribes are based on the flata summarized by Wissler, C.: 
“Material Culture of the Blackfoot”; Anthropological Papers, 
American Museum of Aiatural History, volume v, jiages 7-17, New 
York, 1910. Tlie Gros Ventre retreated into the Cnited States about 
1810, and, therefore, playerl little part in the history of the European 
occupation of the Dominion. 
8f)U.50^28 
