34 
Branta canadensis leucopareia (Brandt) 
(B. c. hutchinsi of previous authors) 
The Lesser Canada Goose 
(None of these birds is a demonstrated breeder, but all, from their northern geography 
or dates, can be regarded as representative of their given localities.) 
Museum 
number 
— 
Sex 
Age 
Mid 
toe 
and 
claw 
Tar- 
sus 
Toe 
into 
tar- 
sus 
Cul- 
men 
Depth 
of 
bill 
Depth 
into 
cul- 
men 
Wing 
6522 
Teslin lake, Yukou, July 12, 1912 
9 
Y. 
73 
82 
M2 
38 
23 
1-65 
M. 
6521 
“ “ July 27. 1912 
7 
Y, 
79 
87 
1-10, 
40 
22 
1-81 
M. 
6520 
1912 
9 
Y. 
80 
87 
1-08 
39 
21 
1-85 
M. 
0551 
“ “ Aug. 28, 1912 
9 
Y. 
75 
81 
1-08 
42 
22 
1-90 
410 
6657 
“ “ Sept. 22, 1912 
c? 
Y. 
76 
80 
1-05 
42 
21 
2-00 
445 
6656 
“ “ Sept. 22, 1912 
d” 
Y. 
71 
77 
1-08 
40 
21 
1-90 
400 
4490 
Alaska-Yukon boundary— 
Arctic circle, summer, 1911 
7 
Ad. 
43 
21 
2-04 
7938 
Barter is., Alaska, June 15, 1914. 
cf 
Ad. 
68 
74 
1-08 
36 
19 
1-89 
435 
9862 
Herschelis., Yukon, Aug. 1914 
9 
Ad. 
68 
70 
1-02 
38 
18 
2-11 
M. 
9861 
“ “ Aug. 1914 
9 
Ad. 
70 
75 
1-07 
38 
20 
1-00 
M. 
12951 
Walker bay, Victoria is,, July 16, 1917 
9 
Ad. 
65 
71 
1-09 
36 
20 
1-80 
380 
7691 
River du Roeher, Mack., Aug. 3, 1914 .... 
•> 
Jv. 
42 
22 
1-90 
6726 
Cape Fullerton, Hudson bay, June 12, 1004. 
h 
Ad . 
72 
78 
i 08 
37 
23 
1-60 
400 
24422 f 
Mistake bay, July 8, 1930 
9 
Ad. 
70 
75 
1-07 
37 
20 
1-85 
370 
\ 
Hudson bay 
Average 
72-25 
78-08 
1-07 
39-14 
20-92 
1- 88 
402-85 
Jv. = Juvenile of year. Y. = Yearling. Ad. = Adult. M. “Moulting wings. 
Subspecific Characters. Intermediate size, light breast and underbody, 
bill shorter for its depth and feet smaller in proportion to the tarsus than 
in canadensis. 
Between canadensis and hutchinsi in size. Wing between 380 mm. 
and 445 mm. The culmen runs from 36 mm. to 43 mm. The bill is long 
but not as long as in canadensis, the depth going into the length from 1-60 
do 2-00, averaging 1 -88 times (in comparison, canadensis 2* 10 and hutchinsi 
1*60). The feet are shorter than the tarsus but not quite as short as in 
hutchinsi , the middle toe and claw going into the tarsus length from 1*02 
to 1-12, averaging 1*07 times, as against canadensis 0*99 and hutchinsi 
1 • 13. There is considerable overlapping in these characters and no one 
seems individually determinative, but the birds laid out in series in com- 
parison with series of the related races make a convincingly consistent 
group. 1 On the whole, the length of the culmen makes the best distinctive 
character and probably most birds with culmen over 35 mm. or under 
45 mm., with middle toe and claw decidedly shorter than tarsus, can be 
referred to this form. 
It is to be noted that these specimens show a tendency towards small 
size, even, towards the Arctic coast, approaching that of hutchinsi. This 
cannot be regarded as a gradation towards minima, for it is not accompanied 
1 In view of their immaturity but rather large size, doubt can be entertained its to whether these Teslin Lake 
birds should not be referred to B.c. canadensis. A general impression on viewing the series, however, induces the 
writer tentatively and in the absence of adult material to include them here. 
