77 
produce the basal holes, one or both holes having to be drilled through the 
top as in the amulet on Plate VIII, figure 9. In many cases the holes are 
drilled through flange-like basal projections. Two specimens have a head 
at each end, and a few have the edges of the tail and the angles of the base 
and back decorated with notches. Specimens with the eyes indicated by 
large knobs or spool-like projections (Plate VIII, figures 4 and 6-9) are 
more common than those of the type seen on Plate VIII, figure 3. 
About two hundred specimens have been found in Ontario, but there 
is only one doubtful record of their occurrence in Quebec. Most of them 
come from the western part of southern Ontario, as many as forty speci- 
mens being from one county (Middlesex). 
No bird amulets are found on Iroquoian sites. 
Banner Stones 
Several types of banner stones made of soapstone or slate, the latter 
material seemingly specially selected on account of the beautiful venation, 
are found on Algonkian sites. They include pick-like; lunate, some with 
knobs on the ends and others bulged in the middle (Plate IX, figure 1); 
bilunate; geniculate, with oblong holes (Plate IX, figure 8); and several 
different kinds of bipennate or winged forms (Plate IX, figures 2 to 7). 
The winged forms are the most usual. With the exception of gorgets, 
banner stones are more common than the other kinds of so-called cere- 
monial objects. About two hundred and sixty specimens are known to 
have been found in Ontario and Quebec, but they are more abundant in 
the western part of southern Ontario, where one county alone produced 
sixty specimens. They are not found on Iroquoian sites. 
Tubes 
Tubes, mostly of veined slates, in only a few cases of limestone and 
sandstone, are either long, slender objects round or polygonal in cross- 
section (Plate IX, figure 9), quadrangular in cross-section (Plate IX, 
figure 12), cigar-shaped, or barrel-shaped, with oval cross-section (Plate 
IX, figure 10). The hole, which is mostly parallel-sided and of uniform 
diameter throughout, runs from end to end. One end is usually smaller 
than the other and in a few cases is rounded off, possibly to serve as a 
mouthpiece; on others the smaller end flares. One specimen is unique in 
having a curved, hook-like projection at one end. Eighty-six specimens 
are known to have been found in Ontario, but fewer in the eastern part of 
southern Ontario than in the western part, where all but nine of the speci- 
mens were discovered. Most of the tubes are found on Algonkian sites; a 
few others are from mound-building Indian sites, but none has been dis- 
covered on Iroquoian sites. 
Perforated Ball-like Objects 
Perforated ball-like objects, with a groove on one side parallel with 
the hole, like that on Plate IX, figure 11, are related to the tubes, but 
their use is unknown. Only six specimens have been found in Ontario 
and their distribution is more restricted than that of tubes, being confined 
to a small area in the western part of southern Ontario. They are found 
on Algonkian sites only. 
