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most peculiar to sites of this period, has a cone-shaped bowl, which in 
many cases is massive, with thick walls, and a very short, thick, stubby 
stem; the bowls are mostly decorated with a chevron design (Plate XIII, 
figure 3). A few pipes have a lizard -like form on the bowl, the tail extend- 
ing along the base of the stem (Plate XIII, figure 5); these, of earthenware 
at least, occur only at sites of this period. The stems of most pipes with 
trumpet and barrel-shaped bowls have long and more or less slender stems. 
Others have stems of medium length, which taper rapidly from where they 
join the bowl to the tip. 
Most of the pipes of the late pre-European period of the Neutral 
culture are similar to those from sites of the transitional period. The new 
types consist of one with a simple bowl and stem almost on the same plane ; 
one with a ringed, ovoid bowl; one with a low bowl shaped like a truncated 
cone; one with both bowl and stem square in cross-section; and one with 
a barrel-shaped bowl with collared top. A few have bird heads and human 
faces on the bowl and three others have a human figure sitting on the stem 
with the back to the bowl. 
The pipe bowls of the Huron and Tionontati of this period are of 
various shapes, including: trumpet; trumpet with bulging sides; barrel- 
shaped; cylindrical; inverted, truncated cone decorated with pits or 
vertical oblong depressions (Plate XIII, figure 9); cylindrical collar with 
funnel-shaped top; collared, in some cases overhanging and decorated; 
ovoid, with pentagonal and square tops; and types with human, mammal, 
and bird heads on the bowl and a few with snake forms coiled around the 
bowl and stem. A few of the stems are square in cross-section, and others 
are elaborately decorated. Only one bowl is of the detachable, stemless 
type; it is cone-shaped. 
The pipes from Mohawk-Onondaga sites of the late pre-European 
period, present some unusual features not seen on Neutral, Huron, and 
Tionontati pipes. Among others is a type with a semi-lunar shield on the 
bowl, on which is a raised, semi-circular figure, with a row of rectangular 
depressions; and in one case, a row of little human faces in relief, across 
the front of the shield. Another, from the site of Hochelaga, has the 
whole front of the shield covered with rectangular depressions and there is 
a human face on one edge. A fragment of another specimen has three 
triangular figures above three little human faces in relief. 
The most characteristic features of pipes of the post-European period 
of Neutral, Huron, Tionontati, and late Iroquois cultures are: that they 
are mostly of glossy black ware; that the tops of most stems are fluted, 
the ridges between the flutings being decorated; that a new human-form 
type of pipe known as the “blowing face” was evolved (Plate XIII, figure 
15); that the trumpet pipes have become less graceful, and have thick 
lips instead of the thin, gracefully curved, flaring lips of the earlier pipes 
of this type ; that a type between cylindrical and inverted cone type, with 
encircling lines, appears and is common on Iroquois sites (Plate XIII, figure 8) ; 
that pipes are relatively more numerous and that a greater number are 
decorated with bird (Plate XIII, figures 12 and 13), animal, and human 
forms (Plate XIII, figure 16) than at earlier sites. The square-mouthed type 
of the late pre-European period persists and is found on Tionontati, Huron, 
and Iroquois sites (Plate XIII, figure 11). There are also a few snake 
forms (Plate XIII, figure 14), but they are not as common as on earlier sites. 
