26 
Algonquian men and women. The Algonquian and Siouan men have 
similar widths of head as have also the women of these two stocks. The 
Algonquian men and women have slightly longer and slightly broader 
heads than the Athapascans, but the general shape, as evidenced by the 
cephalic index, is the same. 
Width of Face (Bizygomatic maximum). The mean sexual difference 
of 8 • 1 mm. in the face width of the Athapascans is, when compared with 
that of the Algonquians and Sioux, disproportionately large. There is 
no significant difference between the width of face of Athapascan and 
Siouan men nor between that of the Athapascan and Siouan women. It is, 
however, fairly evident that the Algonquians are to be distinguished by 
the relative narrowness of this diameter of the face. 
Cephalo-facial Index (Head-width, face- width). The very high mean 
cephalo-facial index of 98-4 in the Athapascan men is arresting. The fact 
that chiefly contributes to its size is the absolute narrowness of their heads 
(152-9 mm.), for the width of their faces is not significantly different from 
that of the Sioux, whose width of head, however, is 155-1 mm. This 
index distinguishes the respective sexes of each group from each other, the 
females always having lower mean indices than the men of their own stock. 
The Athapascan women have a disproportionately low mean index. 
Width of Forehead (Frontal minimum). This diameter of the head 
appears not to differ significantly among the various bands of Indians we 
have examined. The sexual differences are 2-0 mm. and 2-2 mm. between 
Algonquians and Athapascans respectively. There appears always to be a 
tendency for it to be slightly wider in those bands which are more mixed 
with white blood. 
The Face. The chin to hair line (menton-crinion) is a difficult measure- 
ment to take. Personal factors are given greater play in the taking of 
this than they are in the taking of most other measurements. Never- 
theless, the Siouan men appear to have the greatest total face length; 
between the Athapascan and Algonquian men the difference is not signi- 
ficant. Insofar as the women are concerned, the Athapascan and Siouan 
have similarly long faces; the Algonquian has a shorter face. 
The Face Length (Menton-nasion). Among the three groups of 
men there is a remarkable uniformity in the length of face. It is around 
124-5 mm. The Siouan women evidently have shorter faces than the 
women of the other two groups. Between the Athapascan men and 
women the mean difference in this diameter appears to be disproportion- 
ately little. It is in the height of the forehead that the main variations in 
the total face length are to be found. 
The Nose. There are no differences in the widths of the noses of the 
men, nor are there any differences in the relative or in the absolute pro- 
portions of the noses of the Athapascan and Algonquian men; nor of the 
Athapascan and Algonquian women. The Siouan men and women have 
the highest noses for their respective sexes and on that account have 
proportionately the narrowest noses. 
