28 
women, though the heads of the Algonquian men and women are a little 
longer and a little wider than those of the Athapascan (about 2 * 3 and 1 ■ 8 
mm.). In breadth of forehead, in length of face, in both the proportions 
of the nose, and in length of hand the respective sexes are not to be told 
from each other. 
The Athaspacan and Siouan men and women, respectively, closely 
resemble each other in length of body, in length of head, and in width of 
face; whereas the Algonquian and Siouan men and women, respectively, 
only definitely closely resemble each other in width of head. 
Each stock may, on careful measurement, be told from the other by 
differences in stature, sitting height index, cephalo-facial index (Athapascan 
and Siouan women excepted), and by facial index (Athapascan and 
Algonquian women and perhaps Athapascan and Siouan men excepted); 
but the differences between them are, for the most part, very slight, that is 
to say, these North American Indians differ very little from each other and 
it is only when delicate statistical methods are employed that these differ- 
ences may be detected. 
Their differences in stature, as represented by the data at our disposal, 
though marked, are not of more value in distinguishing one stock from 
another than the cephalo-facial index, which increases on passing westward 
from Manitoba; that is to say, it is narrowest among the Algonquian, wider 
among the Siouan, and still wider among the Athapascan Indians, and it 
becomes even wider amongst the Haida of Queen Charlotte islands. 1 
Table X 
Males and Females of the Three Stocks 
In this table the three groups of Indians, whose mean measurements are recorded 
in table IX, are compared with each other; males with males, and females with females. 
The figures in the columns entitled “Diff.” denote mean or average differences; the figures 
in the columns entitled “Diff./P.E. diff." represent the number of times a difference is 
greater than its probable error. Unless, however, it is more than 2-5 times greater no 
entry has been made. 
Differences in mm. 
Athapascan v, 
Algonquian 
Athapascan v, 
Siouan 
Algonquian z. 
Sioaan 
Males 
Females 
Males 
Females 
Males 
Females 
Diff. 
Diff. 
/ 
P.E. 
diff. 
Diff. 
Diff. 
/ 
P.E. 
diff. 
Diff. 
Q 
Diff. 
Diff. 
/ 
P.E. 
diff. 
Diff. 
Diff. 
P.E. 
diff. 
Diff. 
Diff. 
P.E. 
diff. 
Stature 
530 
5-8 
67-0 
8-0 
77-0 
9-7 
91-0 
11-2 
24-0 
4*7 
24-0 
6-4 
Sitting height 
120 
30 
8-0 
20 
3-0 
14-0 
5-0 
11-0 
3-8 
Sitting height index 
0-9 
3-3 
2-0 
6-6 
2-5 
9-4 
3-4 
111 
1-6 
15*5 
14 
10-4 
Cephalic index 
0-6 
0-3 
0-8 
3-2 
0-9 
31 
0-2 
0-6 
2-6 
Glabella ad max 
2-3 
2-6 
1-8 
2-6 
M 
1-2 
1-4 
2-9 
Biparietal max 
2-7 
4-0 
1-8 
3-1 
2-2 
3-9 
2*3 
0-5 
0-5 
Bizygomatic max 
3-2 
4-7 
1-7 
0-9 
0-9 
2-3 
5-7 
2-6 
6-9 
Ceph.-fac. index 
4-0 
113 
2-3 
5-2 
2-3 
7-1 
0-8 
1-7 
8-8 
1-5 
6-6 
Frontal min 
0-1 
0-3 
Menton-crinion 
2, 9. 
4-9 
3-9 
3-3 
3-3 
1-4 
5-5 
7*5 
3-5 
4-7 
Menton-naaion 
0-6 
1-6 
0-5 
2-7 
3-2 
0-1 
M 
Facial index 
9v2 
4-0 
0-3 
1-0 
2-6 
5-2 
1-2 
3-0 
2-3 
6-6 
Noee height 
0-8 
0-8 
4-3 
10-5 
3-7 
5-6 
3-5 
10-5 
4-5 
15-5 
Nose width 
0-5 
0-9 
0-5 
1-2 
3-3 
0-0 
2-1 
9-0 
Nose index 
0-0 
1 .fi 
4-1 
4-7 
3-5 
2-8 
4-1 
7-1 
2-0 
3-5 
Mouth length 
1-7 
3-7 
3-3 
5-6 
Hand length 
2-4 
2-7 
Hand width 
2-6 
4-9 
2-4 
4-8 
Hand index 
2-4 
8-2 
2-2 
6-6 
Upper lip 
2-7 
4-6 
Ear length 
0-2 
Ear width 
1-9 
5-2 
Ear index 
3-3 
5-2 
1 Three specimens in the Anatomical Museum, University of Manitoba. 
