198 
AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
or sub-acid; quality 9; season March; for dessert, cooking or market. Origin 
Harbourton, Mercer county. 
Southern section of the State — Winesap**, Bough**, Williams Favorite **, 
and many other varieties do well here. Peaches — Stevens Rareripe*, Elberta 
**, Stump**, Oldmixon Free**, Mountain Rose**, Champion*, Moore Favorite 
**, an old Massachusetts peach, is one of the very best peaches in New Jersey, 
freestone; size 8 to 10; form, round, oval; high color: flesh white, red at stone; 
quality 10; season late; use dessert or market. Pride of Franklint, size 10; 
form round; color, skin and flesh yellow; free; quality 10; season late; use des- 
sert, cooking or market; very much like late Crawford, about five days later, 
extensively grown in North Jersey. Plums — Bleecker Gage*, Red Junef, 
Halef, Abundance**, Imperial Gage*, Prince Yellow*, Richland*. Pears— 
Angouleme*, Anjou*, Bartlett**, Clapp Favorite*, Kieffer*, Seckel*, Worden- 
Seckelf. Quinces— Bourgeatt, Champion**, Orange**, Rea**. Raspberries, 
occidentalis— Kansas*, Hilborn*, Gregg**. Raspberries, strigosus— Cuthbert**, 
Marlboro*, Loudonf. Cherries— Downer**, Elton**, Spanish**, Tartarian, 
Black**, Late Kentish**, Montmorency Ordinaire**, English Morello**, Rich- 
mond**. Blackberries— Early Harvest**, Minnewaska*, Eldorado*, Lawton**. 
Grapes, exotic — Black Hamburg*; grapes, V. lahrusca — Concord**, Diamond**, 
Moore Early**, Niagara**, Worden*, Ulster*. Currants — Holland*, Cherry**, 
Fay**, White Grape**, White Gondouin**. Gooseberries— Chautauqua*, In- 
dustry*, Pearl*, Downing*. Strawberries— Downing**, Gandy**, Sharpless**, 
Champion of England f. Chesnuts — Advance*, Alpha*, Giant of Japan*, 
Reliance*, Success*, Superb*. Mulberries — Hicks*, Downing*, New Ameri- 
can*. Mr. John R. Parry of Parry, N. J., says that nearly all kinds of the 
chestnuts in the catalogue do well here, also Persian walnuts. 
4. Cultivation— Peaches are usually kept clean and the soil mellow during 
the whole season. While the trees are young, corn is grown but the last crop 
before bearing is usually buckwheat. Apples and pears are cropped until of 
bearing age, usually with corn or potatoes. Many farmers grow crops all 
of the time, usually at the expense of the fruit. Strawberries are set in the 
spring and are carefully cultivated the first summer; after fruiting they are 
turned under and some other crop grown. Currants, raspberries, gooseberries 
and blackberries are supposed to be kept clean and the soil mellow during 
the growing season. 
5. Cover crops are not much used, Crimson clover is used some. 
6. Fertilizers — Commercial fertilizers are used some throughout the State. 
Crimson clover is used considerably in the lower part of the State, also potash 
and bone, and stable manure. The best fertilized orchards pay the best. 
7. New Varieties— The two apples in the list for central New Jersey. More 
than half the apples in central New Jersey are Smith Cider. Next on the list 
is the Nero and where known Shone comes next. 
8. Insects and diseases— ^Codling moth, curculio, apple scab, ripe rot; the 
list is increasing. Spraying with arsenites is used for codling moth and cur- 
culio, and Bordeaux mixture for scab; ammoniacal solution is used for ripe 
rot. 
9. Irrigation— Not used, a harrow kept everlastingly at it is all the irriga- 
tion needed for apples, peaches and pears. The time is soon coming when 
irrigation will be thought very useful for strawberries and the small fruits 
generally, and we probably would find irrigation beneficial to all orchard 
fruits in August, as the dry weather of that month kills far more fruit buds 
than are destroyed by the cold. 
