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AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
main, Ben Dayis, Jonathan, Spitzenburg, Baldwin, Red Canada, Monmouth 
Pippin, Yellow Newtown and Winesap are the principal varieties. Largest 
orchards 160 acres. Corn, potatoes and melons are grown in young orchards. 
No irrigation, no fertilization and no cover crops grown. The ground is cul- 
tivated seven or eight times during the season. Apple crops seldom fail and 
the fruit is of such a quality as to command a good demand and a fair price. 
San Jose scale, codling moth, woolly and green aphis and apple canker are 
the principal injurious insects and diseases. Apples are all marketed in bushel 
boxes 9x11x22 inches, all weighing 50 pounds. Fifty cents per box should be 
realized f. o. b. cars to bring the grower good returns. The average price 
last season to grower was sixty-five cents. This is an excellent winter apple 
country and the industry is increasing fast. 200 carloads were shipped last 
season. 
The value of choice fruit lands is from $50 to $75 per acre. Bearing trees 
$100 to $200 per acre. A good crop of apples will bring from $50 to $100 
per acre net. Trees have never been injured by freeze in this Valley. Aver- 
age rainfall is 23 inches. 
UMPQUA AND COW CREEK VALLEYS, DOUGLAS COUNTY. 
Principal fruits are Italian and French prunes; apples also do well. 
Sandy loam bottom lauds are the best for fruit of all kinds, but prunes do 
well on either red or black land where soil is six feet or more deep and well 
drained. 
The value of choice fruit land is $30 to $50 per acre; bearing orchards 
from $100 to $200 per acre. 
Neither fertilizers nor irrigation are needed. Largest orchards 160 acres 
in prunes, cheapest cost of prunes f. o. b. one and one-half cents per pound, 
which covers the expense of pruning, cultivating, drying and boxing. 
Peaches, pears, cherries and grapes are grown but not extensively and 
very little for commercial purposes. The Italian Prune has proven to be the 
most profitable fruit for this section and the climate and soil conditions are 
especially well adapted for it. 
No injury whatever was done by the cold of last winter and there is no 
better country in the world for the growth of the Italian Prune than the 
Umpqua Valley. 
NORTHWESTERN OREGON. 
BY HENRY E. DOSCH, HILLSDALE. 
2. Soil— Loam, decomposed granite and clay soils. Elevation from 300 to 
1,000 feet, the higher the better, especially for apples and pears. 
3. Varieties: Apples — Gravenstein, Wealthy, Oldenburg, Northern Spy, 
Spitzenburg, Wolf River, Tompkins King and Ben Davis. Pears — 
Bartlett, Fall Butter, Clairgeau, Anjou. Prunes— Agen, Italian, Clairac 
Mammoth, Imperial and Dosch. Cherries — Napoleon, Oregon, Bing, Hoskins, 
Lambert, Kentish and Late Duke. French Walnuts — Mayette, Parisienne, 
Franquette, Praeparturiens and Columbus. Chestnuts — Grosse Precoce, Para- 
gon, Nouzillard and Combale. Almonds — Grosse Tendre or Languedoc. All 
varieties of berries and grapes. 
All of the foregoing varieties are of commercial value. 
4. Cultivation— Orchards are generally well cultivated; when the orchard 
is young, beans and other hoed crops are grown, but when in bearing 'clean 
cultivation is practiced. 
