218 
AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
•stood tliree severe winters and at this date is covered with bloom, while 
Lombard trees alongside are barely living, on account of the severe winter. 
Cherries— Amarelle Hativef, Early Richmond**, Montmorency**, Ostheim**, 
Brusseler Braunef. The first of them ripened June 24, and the last August 9. 
6. Fertilizers— Barnyard manure and wood ashes. 
8. Insects and Diseases— Tent caterpillar, codling moth, borer, oyster-shell 
bark louse, pear blight and black knot. Remedy — Bordeaux mixture with 
Paris green and kerosene emulsion. 
Some of the largest orchards run from thirty to fifty acres. 
We generally have plenty of rain and do not need to irrigate. The esti- 
mated profits for apple orchards are about $100 per acre. All kinds of small 
fruits are grown extensively. Our French Canadian farmers are born gar- 
deners and their large families enable them to cultivate and grow all kinds of 
produce. 
RHODE ISLAND. 
BY PROF. L. F. KINNEY, KINGSTON, CHAIRMAN. 
As has been stated in previous reports there are certain prevailing con- 
ditions in Rhode Island that have interfered with the development of the 
pomological interests. 
The climate is not severe, there is sufficient available land and thousands of 
cords of sea weed— one of the best fertilizers for fruit — are cast up annually 
upon the shores; still commercial plantations of fruit are made very rarely 
and only on a small scale. The products of these plantations as they are 
managed at the present time amount to only a small proportion of the fruit 
that is consumed here. More fruit is grown in the northern than ;in the 
southern part of the State. Plums, cherries and grapes are often injured 
near the shore by the midsummer sea fogs, but peaches— like the summer 
visitors to Rhode Island — find in the fogs those elements which produce 
the fairest complexion. The trees when properly cared for, flourish in the 
moist atmosphere, producing fruit of the largest size, that is both rich in 
flavor and beautiful in appearance. 
Loamy land is generally preferred for the growth of small fruit and the 
higher elevations for orchards. The average valuation of orchard land ac- 
cording to the State census of 1895 is $74 per acre. In Bristol county the 
average valuation is $107 per acre, in Providence county, $81.75 per acre, 
and in Washington county it is $48 per aere. In Washington county the prod- 
ucts from the orchard land in 1895 amounted to approximately fifty per cent 
of the value of the land, in Providence county twenty-four .and three-fourths 
per cent of the value of the land and in Bristol county fourteen and one-half 
per cent .of the value of the land. 
The principal varieties grown for market are: Apples— Baldwin, Rhode 
Island Greening, Roxbury Russet, Williams, Red Astrachan. Pears— Clapp 
Favorite, Bartlett, Bose, Sheldon, Lawrence. Peaches— Late Crawford, Mt. 
Rose,- Oldmixon Free , Stump, Crosby. Plums— Lombard**, Burbankf, Red 
J u.nef , Abundancef. Cherry— (not grown for market). Quince— Champion. 
Orange. Apricot— (not grown for market.) Grapes— Concord, Moore Early, 
Worden, Niagara, Wlnchellf, Campbellf. Currant— Fay, Versaillaise, Cherry. 
Raspberries— Cuthbert, Turner, Shaffer, Gregg, Wineberryf. Blackberry— 
Snyder, Wachusett, Kittatinny, Lawton. Strawberry— Bubach, Shuster, 
Parker Earle, Gandy, Downing. 
