347 
Steam was generated in a separate boiler and passed 
through the leaves or twigs in the still. 
Preparation or Material. 
Experiments were made with material prepared in the 
following manner (1) the unbroken leaves (2) leaves cut 
up into small pieces (3) air dried leaves (4) mouldy leaves 
(5) twigs cut up into small pieces about an inch long. The 
leaves and twigs used in these experiments were cut by 
coolies using parangs (knives) only. 
On a commercial scale some kind of chaff cutting or 
other similar machine could be used for the purpose, to save 
labour, either worked by hand, by bullocks, or machine 
driven as circumstances necessitate. 
Preliminary Expert menTs. 
11.5 kilograms = 26 lbs. of primings consisting of 64.9 
per cent leaves and 35.1 per cent i rigs, were received for 
experiment from the Superintendent of Experimental 
Plantations (Mr. J. W. Campbell) being tin part primings 
from a five year old tree at the Experimental Garden. Batu 
Tiga, Selangor. 
As only the small apparatus (described abyve) was at 
the time available for the experiment, the distil ation had 
to be extended over a number of days and the "esults of 
each distillation were kept separate for comparison and 
carried on under different conditions as describee above, 
entirely for experimental purposes, in order to as -er tain 
if these conditions gave different results. 
The following results were obtained: — 
(1) 1st distillation. 400 grams of cut leaves gave 489 
grams of camphor and camphor oil = 1*22 per cent. 
This consisted of camphor 1T6 per cent and oil 0*00 
per cent. 
(2) 2nd distillation. 500 grams of leaves more finely 
cut than in (1) gave 5-86 grams of camphor and oil = 1T7 
per cent. 
This also consisted mainly of pure camphor. 
(3) 3rd distillation. 1500 grams of twigs gave 6'75 
grams of camphor and oil = 0*45 per cent. 
This also consited chiefly of camphor. 
(4) 4th distillation. 500 grams of leaves and twigs 
gave 6*25 grams of camphor and oil = 1*25 per cent. 
(5) 5th distillation. 1.000 grams of twigs gave 0*6 
grams of camphor and oil = 0*60 per cent. 
