GOLDEN-EYE DUCK. 
77 
kinds of grass. When on salt water, they feed principally on bivalves and 
fishes of different species. 
Golden-eye, Anas Clangula, Wils. Araer. Orn., vol. viii. p. 62 . 
Fuligula Clangula, Bonap. Syn., p. 393. 
Clangula vulgaris, Common Golden-eye , Swains, and Rich. F. Bor. Amer., vol. ii. 
p. 456. 
Clangula Barrovii, RocJcy-mountain Garrot, Swains and Rich. F. Bor. Amer., vol. 
ii. p. 453. 
Common Golden-eye, Nutt. Man., vol. ii. p. 441. 
Golden-eye Duck, Fuligula Clangula , Aud. Orn. Biog., vol. iv. p 318 ; vol. v. p. 105. 
Male, 20, 31§. Female, 16, 28. 
Abundant during winter on all the running streams of the interior, as 
well as along the Atlantic coast, as far south as the Gulf of Mexico. 
Breeds in high northern latitudes. Accidental in the North-eastern Dis- 
tricts. Rocky Mountains and Columbia river. 
Adult Male in winter. 
Bill shorter than the head, deeper than broad at the base, gradually 
depressed toward the end, which is rounded. Upper mandible with the 
dorsal line straight and sloping to the middle, then slightly concave, and 
finally decurved ; the ridge broad and rather concave at the base, narrowed 
between the nostrils, convex towards the end, the frontal angles long, the 
sides erect at the base, sloping and convex towards the end, the edges 
soft, with about fifty lamellm, the unguis oblong and decurved. Nostrils 
medial, linear, pervious, nearer the ridge than the margin. Lower mandi- 
ble flattened, ascending, nearly straight, a little curved at the base, the 
angle long, rather narrow, the dorsal line very slightly convex, the edges 
with about fifty lamellae, the unguis broadly elliptical. 
Head large, compressed. Eyes of moderate size. Neck short and thick. 
Body compact, much depressed. Feet very short, placed far back; tarsus 
very short, compressed, having anteriorly in its whole length a series of 
small scutella, and above the outer toe a few broad scales, the rest covered 
with reticular angular scales. Hind toe very small, with a broad free mem- 
brane beneath ; anterior toes longer than the tarsus, connected by reticulated 
membranes, having a sinus on their free margins, the inner with a narrow, 
lobed, marginal membrane, the outer with a thickened edge, the third and 
fourth about equal and longest, all covered above with numerous narrow 
scutella. Claws small, slightly arched, compressed, obtuse, that of first toe 
very small, of third largest, and with an inner thin edge. 
Plumage dense, soft and blended ; feathers on the fore part of the head 
and cheeks very small and rounded, on the upper and hind parts, linear and 
elongated, as they also are on the lateral and hind parts of the upper neck, so 
