COMMON GANNET. 
215 
inches, f g is then recurved for 8 
inches, g, h, ascends for 4 inches, h, i, 
and receives the biliary ducts, then 
passes toward the spine and forms a 
curvature. The average diameter of 
the intestine is 5 twelfths at the upper 
part, and it gradually contracts to 3 
twelfths. The rectum, k, measured to 
the anus, is 5i inches. It gradually 
enlarges from 4 to 6£ twelfths. The 
cloaca, m, is globular, 9 twelfths long, 
8 twelfths broad. The coeca are 3 
twelfths long, 1£ twelfths broad. 
The lobes of the liver are extreme- 
ly unequal, as is always the case when 
the stomach or the proventriculus is 
excessively large, the right lobe being 
2f inches long, the left 1 inch and 8 
twelfths. The gall-bladder, n, is very 
large, of an oblong form, rounded at 
both ends, 1 inch and 8 twelfths long. 
The trachea is 12 inches long, 
moderately ossified, round, its diame- 
ter at the top T twelfths, gradually 
narrowing to 4 twelfths ; the rings 
124, the lower 4 united. The bronchi are large, their diameter greater than 
that of the lower part of the trachea ; of 25 cartilaginous half-rings. The 
lateral or contractor muscles of the trachea are of moderate strength ; the 
sterno-tracheals strong ; a pair of inferior laryngeal muscles attached to 
the glandular-looking, yellowish-white bodies inserted upon the membrane 
between the first and second rings of the bronchi. 
The olfactory nerve comes off from the extreme anterior point of th.c 
cerebrum, enters a canal in the spongy tissue of the bone, and runs in it 
close to the septum between the eyes for 10 twelfths of an inch, with a 
slight curve. It then enters the nasal cavity, which is of an irregular trian- 
gular form, 1 \ inches long at the external or palatal aperture, 10 twelfths in 
height. The supramaxillary branch of the fifth pair runs along the upper 
edge of the orbit, and by a canal in the spongy tissue of the bones, enters 
the great cavity of the upper mandible, keeping nearer its lower surface, and 
their branches. This cavity appears to have no communication with the 
nasal; nor has the latter any passage towards the obliterated external nostrils 
