FEMALE TOWHE BUNTING. 
293 
dull orange ; whereas, in the male, those parts are of a deep 
shining black ; the tail of the female also wants the greater 
part of the black, and the whole lower parts are of a much 
duskier orange. 
I have observed, that these birds are rarely seen in pine 
woods, or where these trees generally prevail. On the ridges 
of our high mountains they are seldom to be met with. In 
orchards, and on well cultivated farms, they are most numerous, 
generally preferring such places to build in, rather than the 
woods or forest. 
FEMALE TOWHE BUNTING EMBERIZA 
ERYTHROPTHALMA Plate LIII. Fig. 5. 
Amer. Orn. vol. ii. p. 35 Turt. Syst. p. 534 Peak's Museum, No. 5970. 
PIPILO ERYTHROPTHALMA. — Vieillot. 
This bird differs considerably from the male in colour; and 
has, if I mistake not, been described as a distinct species by 
European naturalists, under the appellation of the <fi Rusty 
Bunting .” The males of this species, like those of the prece- 
ding, arrive several days sooner than the females. In one 
afternoon’s walk through the woods, on the 23d of April, I 
counted more than fifty of the former, and did not observe 
any of the latter, though I made a very close search for them. 
This species frequents in great numbers the barrens covered 
with shrub oaks ; and inhabits even to the tops of our moun- 
tains. They are almost perpetually scratching among the 
fallen leaves, and feed chiefly on worms, beetles, and gravel. 
They fly low, flirting out their broad white-streaked tail, and 
uttering their common note Tow-hee. They build always on 
the ground, and raise two broods in the season. For a parti- 
cular account of the manners of this species, see our history of 
the male, Vol. I. p. 185. 
The female Towhe is eight inches long, and ten inches in 
extent; iris of the eye, a deep blood colour; bill, black; 
