PIED DUCK. 
115 
below this collar the upper part of the breast is white, extend- 
ing itself over the whole scapulars, wing-coverts, and second- 
aries ; the primaries, lower part of the breast, whole belly, and 
vent, are black ; tail, pointed, and of a blackish hoary colour ; 
the fore part of the legs and ridges of the toes, pale whitish 
ash; hind part, the same, bespattered with blackish; webs, 
black ; the edges of both mandibles are largely pectinated. In 
young birds, the whole of the white plumage is generally 
strongly tinged with a yellowish cream colour ; in old males, 
these parts are pure white, with the exception sometimes of 
the bristly pointed plumage of the cheeks, which retains its 
cream tint the longest, and, with the skinny part of the bill, 
form two strong peculiarities of this species. 
The female measures nineteen inches in length, and twenty- 
seven in extent ; bill, exactly as in the male ; sides of the 
front, white ; head, chin, and neck, ashy grey ; upper parts of 
the back and wings, brownish slate ; secondaries only, white ; 
tertials, hoary ; the white secondaries form a spot on the wing, 
bounded by the black primaries, and four hoary tertials edged 
with black ; whole lower parts, a dull ash, skirted with brownish 
white, or clay colour ; legs and feet, as in the male ; the bill 
in both is marked from the nostrils backwards by a singular 
heart-shaped outline. 
The windpipe of the male measures ten inches in length, 
and has four enlargements, viz. one immediately below the 
mouth, and another at the interval of an inch ; it then bends 
largely down to the breast bone, to which it adheres by two 
strong muscles, and has at that place a third expansion. It 
then becomes flattened, and, before it separates into the lungs, 
has a fourth enlargement much greater than any of the former, 
which is bony, and round, puffing out from the left side. The 
intestines measured six feet ; the stomach contained small 
clams, and some glutinous matter ; the liver was remarkably 
large. ■ 
