LAPLAND LONGSPUR. 
413 
LAPLAND LONGSPUR — EMBERIZA LAPPONICA. 
Plate XIII. Fig. 1, Male ; Fig. 2, Female. 
Fringilla Lapponica, Linn.Syst. i. p. 317, sp. 1. Faun. Suec. sp. 235. Gmel.Syst, 
i. p. 900, sp. 1. Retz. Faun. Suec. p. 242, sp. 119. Forst. Ph. Tr. Ixii. p. 
404. Fabr. Faun. Grcenl. p. 119, sp. 8. Lath. Ind. p. 440, sp. 18. JJherSt 
i. p. 289, sp. 18. — Fringilla montana, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 160, sp. 38. Klein. 
Av. p. 92, sp. 10. — Fringilla calcarata, Pallas, It. p. 710, sp. 20, t. E. Id. in 
4to, French Transl. iii. pi. 1. Meyer and Wolf, Tasch. Deutschl. i. p. 176, sp. 
13. — Emberiza Lapponica, Nilsson, Orn. Suec. i. p. 157, sp. 76. Ranz. El. Zool. 
vi. p. 24. — Emberiza calcarata, Temm. Man. Orn. i. p. 322. Rrehm, Lebhr. Eur, 
Vog. i. p. 221. Richardson, App. to Parry's 2d Voy. p. 345. — Passerina 
Lapponica, Vieill. Nouv. Eict. d' Hist. Nat. xxv. p. 12. — Plectrophanes calcara- 
tus, Meyer, Tasch. iii. p. 176, sp. 13. — Plectrophanes Lapponica, Selby, in Trans. 
Linn. Soc. XV. p. 156, pi. 1, young. — Montifringilla congener, Aldrov.^Orn. ii. 
p. 821, pi. 823. — Le Grand Montain, Buff. Ois. iv. p. 134. — Le Pinson deMon- 
tdjgae, Gerardin, Tabl. Elem. d'Orn. i. p. 186. — Lerchen Finck, ^ecAs?. Naturg. 
Eeutsch. iii. p. 246, sp. 16. Naum. Nachtr. iii. p. 25, pi. 20, B. female; plate 
40, male in autumn Greater Brambling, Alb. iii. p. 59, pi. 63. — Lapland Finch, 
Penn. Arct. ii. sp. 259. Lath. Syn. iv. p. 263, sp. 14. Ubers, iii. p. 256, sp. 
1 4. My Collection. 
PLECTROPHANES L^PP0N7C4_Selby.* 
Emberiza (subgen. plectrophanes) Lapponica, Bonap. Synop. App. p. 440. North. 
Zool. ii. p.-248. 
This species, long since known to inhabit the desolate 
Arctic regions of both continents, is now for the first time intro- 
duced into the Fauna of the United States ; having been omit- 
ted both in our Synopsis and Catalogue. It is entitled to be 
ranked among the birds of this country, from the fact, that a 
few stragglers out of the numerous bands which descend in 
winter to comparatively warm latitudes, show themselves al- 
most every year in the higher unsettled parts of Maine, Mi- 
chigan, and the north-western territory. Even larger flocks 
are known not unfrequently to enter the territory of the 
Union ; where, contrary to what is generally supposed, they 
See vol. i. p. .325. 
