NORTHERN THREE-TOED WOODPECKER. 
4^23 
NORTHERN THREE-TOED WOODPECKER.— PICUS 
TRIDACTYLUS Plate XIV. Fig. 2. 
Picus tridactylus, Linn. Syst, i. p. 177, sp. 21. Gmel. Syst. i. p. 439, sp. 21. 
Faun. Suec. sp. 103. Act. Holm. 1740, p. 222. Phil. Trans. Lxii. p. 388. 
Scop. Ann. i. sp. 56. Georgi, Reise, p. 165. Rorowsk, Nat. ii. p. 138, sp. 8. 
Lath. Ind.ip. 243, sp. 56. Meyer and Wolf, Tasch. Heutsch. Vog. i. p. 125, 
sp. 8. Temm. Man. Orn. i. p. 401, young. Brehm. Lehr. Eur. Vog. i. p. 
142. Ranz. Elem. Orn. ii. p. 184, sp. 9, tab. 7, fig. 4. — Picus birsutus, Vieill. 
Ois. Am. Sept. ii. p. 68, pi. 124, adult male. — ^Picoides, Lacepede. — Dendroco- 
pos tridactylus, Koch, Baierische Zool. — Tridactylia birsuta, Stephens, in Shaw"^ 
Zool. ix. p. 219. — Picus tridactylus anomalus, Mus. Petr. 368. — Piccbio a tre- 
dita, Stor. degli JJcc. ii. pi. 180. — Pic tridactyle, ou Picoide, Temm. 1. c.- — Drei- 
zebiger Specbt, Bechst. Nat. Heutschl. ii. p. 1044. Naum. Vog. Nachtr. pi. 
41, fig. 81. Meyer and Wolf, Ois. d'Allem. Cah. 26, pi. 4, male ; pi. 6, fe- 
male. — Nortbern Tbree-toed Woodpecker, Edwards, pi. 114, male. — Three- toed 
Woodpecker, Penn. Arct. Zool. sp. 168. Lath. Syn. ii. p. 600, sp. 51, Id. 
Suppl. p. 112. — Philadelphia Museum, male My Collection, male, female, and 
young. 
APTERNUS ARCTICUS.—S\\AimoN. 
Picus (apternus) Arcticus, Sw. North. Zool. ii. p. 313. 
This species is one of those which, from their habitation 
being in the extreme north, have a wide range round the globe. 
It is in fact met with throughout northern Asia and Europe, 
from Kamtschatka to the most eastern coasts of the old con- 
tinent; and in America, is very common at Hudson’s Bay, 
Severn River, Fort William on Lake Superior, and through- 
out the north-west, in hilly and wooded tracts. In the United 
States it is only a rare and occasional winter visitant, never 
having been received by us, except from the northern ter- 
ritory of the State of Maine. The species, contrary to what 
is observed of most other Arctic birds, does not appear to ex- 
tend so far south, comparatively, as in Europe, though it is not 
improbable that on this continent it may also inhabit some un- 
explored mountainous districts, resembling the wild regions 
where only it is found in Europe. In both continents, the 
