450 
PALLAS’ DIPPER. 
large masses of those colours symmetrically disposed. In one 
of these males, but little advanced in its changes, we readily 
recognise the Emherizo ccBrulea of authors, Azuroux of BulFon, 
&c. ; and in another, which has made farther progress towards 
the perfect state, the shoulders only retaining the ferruginous 
tinge, we can trace the Emheriza cyanella of Sparmann. 
PALLAS’ DIPPER CINCLUS PALLASII. 
Plate XVI. Fig. 1. 
Cinclus PaUasii, Temm. Man. Orn. i. p. 177. Nob. Suppl. Gen. Am. Birds, sp. 94, 
bis, in Zool. Journ. London, iv. p. 4. Id. in Ann. Lye. New York, ii. p. 438. 
— Cinclus Mexicanus, Swainson, Syn, Birds of Mexico, sp. 27, in Phil. Mag. 
New Series, i. p. 368. — Collection of Mr Leadbeater, in London. 
CINCLUS AMEEICANUS.—RiCBXRmoii and Swainson.* 
Cinclus Americanus, North. Zool. ii. p. 173. 
The recent discovery of the genus Cinclus in America, fur- 
nishes an interesting fact in the history of the geographical 
* The Prince of Musignano has considered this identical with the C. PaUasii 
of Temrainck ; and Mr Swainson, from specimens procured by Mr Drummond, 
near the sources of the Athabasca river, and by Mr Bullock in Mexico, has judged 
them to be distinct. As far as figures and descriptions can be taken as criterions 
of species, I should consider that of Pallas different, and perhaps the analogue 
in its own country to that of America. There is great similarity in the few birds 
that compose this genus, and their locality renders the possession and comparison 
of them difficult, and it is probable that in three or four will be comprised the 
whole of the nearly nominal species at present recorded. The various generic 
names that have been given to these birds, with the changes of place in the dif- 
ferent systems, at once pronounce it a form of no ordinary interest ; and there 
is perhaps none that shows so much combination between the truly aquatic birds 
and those of the incessores. The peculiar form is familiar to most persons at all 
conversant with birds, and has been detailed in the description ; the habits, how- 
ever, are not so easily observed. The present remarks will be confined to the 
species of Great Britain, which, I believe, may stand as typical of the genus. 
The common water crow, or pyet, is abundant on most of the more Alpine 
and rugged streams of Scotland and north of England, enlivening the pic- 
