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(4) Each sheep owner should have the exclusive right to his range (lease), and the 
same should apply within reasonable limits to groups of cattle owners. 
(5) Permits should run for five years. 
(6) Residents should have precedence in all cases over tramp-owners and owners 
from other States. 
(7) Local questions should be decided on local grounds and on their own merits 
in each separate case. 
(8) Since the forest reserves are usually summer ranges, provision should be made 
for necessary routes of transit. 
(9) The policy of the Government should be based on regulation rather than 
prohibition, except in special cases, it being understood that the avoidance 
of over-grazing is equally in the interests of all parties. 
These permits are granted free of charge. The number of animals is limited, 
and the time of entrance into and exit from the reserve, as well as the district where 
they are to graze, is decided by the Department of the Interior. 
In carrying out these principles the rules now adopted are : Wherever an 
association of sheep men exists, which represents the majority of those who have, for at 
least two years, used the reserve pastures, such an association is recognised. Blank 
applications are sent to the secretary of the association, and he distributes them and 
gets them filled and signed. He then transmits them to the supervisor, and the latter 
to the Department, when permit is issued. To set forth more definitely the require- 
ments of the Department and the conditions of such a permit, the following appears 
printed on every application and permit : 
This application is also made with the understanding, and full agreement thereto, 
that penalties will be imposed for a violation of rules as follows : 
Permits cancelled and refused. 
(1) For obtaining or attempting to obtain a permit on false representations. 
(2) For wilful trespass upon areas where not permitted, either on closed areas 
or ranges of others. 
(3) For setting out fires to clear range. 
(4) For wilful negligence in leaving camp or other fires. 
(5) For refusing to observe promptly any direct order from the Department 
requiring an observance of any rule. 
Other penalties. 
The number of sheep covered by a permit to be materially reduced for the following 
stated causes, viz. : 
(1) For crowding on to a neighbour's range without the consent of the said 
neighbour. 
(2) For bedding sheep more than six nights in succession in any one place, except 
when bedding bands of ewes during lambing season. 
