254 Dar bishire. — On Actinococcus and Phyllophora. 
a preliminary account of some observations on the anatomy 
and development of the Baltic species of Phyllophora Grev., 
in which Schmitz’ assertions concerning the parasitic nature 
of the nemathecia of Phyll. Brodiaei (Turn.) J. A g. were 
discussed and the accuracy of his conclusions was doubted 
(t, p. 47). A more detailed account of the author’s work on 
the Baltic Phyllophorae was published about a year later, 
but unfortunately Schmitz died in 1894. In the second paper 
just mentioned the author again expressed it as his opinion 
that the so-called nemathecia of Phyll. Brodiaei did really 
represent the true tetrasporic fructification of this Floridea 
(2, pp. 2 sq., 23 sq., 36). 
The subject has not been worked at by algologists since, 
and Schmitz’ theory has therefore naturally been most 
generally accepted. Kolderup Rosenvinge alone seems to 
have adopted an opposite view (4, p. 33). 
Since commencing work on the anatomy and development 
of Phyllophora in 1892, the author has devoted much time 
to the examination of all forms of fructification found on it- 
Up to 1896 opportunity was however wanting for dredging 
and examining fresh material during the months of September 
and October, owing to the author’s absence from Kiel during 
that time. Practically all the material used in these investiga- 
tions was collected in the Baltic near Kiel. The observations 
carried out up to this point indicated that the one conclusion 
to be drawn was that the so-called (. Actinococcus ) nemathe- 
cium of Phyll. Brodiaei was really the genuine tetrasporic 
fructification of that plant. 
In 1896 for the first time specimens of Phyll. Brodiaei 
were dredged and preserved at all times of the year. This 
was continued up to September, 1898, when the author 
left Kiel. The development of the plant in question was 
followed out, and as a result the author has accepted Schmitz’ 
view of the parasitic nature of Actinococcus , the correctness 
of which view, however, Schmitz unfortunately was not 
able to establish, as he did not succeed in observing the 
entrance of the parasite into the host. 
