Relation to Cultivation. 
4 1 5 
The effect of the method of culture described above is that, 
in these artificially annual plants, whilst twisting of the stem is 
not altogether prevented, it is reduced to a minimum. 
Sowing of September 15, 3893. The seed of one of the 
previously described artificially annual plants was imme- 
diately sown, and germination took place under the same 
conditions as in the previous year. The seed-bearing plant 
was the one which showed twisting in one of its lateral 
branches. At the end of January the plants were brought 
out of the greenhouse and were kept for a time under glass. 
Two weakly plants remained in the rosette-stage, but the 
others, thirty-five in number, threw up shoots in May : the 
shoots were vigorous, of about the same height and thickness, 
and were better and more uniformly developed than were those 
of the preceding generation. The examination of them on 
June 18 gave the following results : — 
Nine normal decussate shoots ; 
Ten decussate shoots, each having one four-leaved whorl ; 
Three shoots with two four-leaved whorls ; 
One shoot with three four-leaved whorls ; 
One shoot in which the leaves of one of the pairs were 
separated. 
Eleven shoots with slight local twisting (30 per cent.). 
The result is thus the same as that obtained with the pre- 
ceding generation. I was unable to allow these plants to 
flower, for fear of interfering with the normal cultivation of 
the breed. 
Sowing of September 3, 1894. Professor G. Le Monnier of 
Nancy, who has for years cultivated my breed of Dipsacus on 
a larger scale than I have myself been able to do, was good 
enough to send me some freshly-gathered seed of twisted 
individuals early in September, 1894. In the more southerly 
climate of Nancy the seed had ripened a fortnight earlier 
than with me ; consequently I was able to repeat the experi- 
mental sowings of the two previous years with this new and 
favourable factor. The plants grew more rapidly than those 
of previous years on the heated water-bath, and by the middle 
