604 
Wil/is and Bur kill, — Flowers and 
102 were short-tongued flies; and there was not a single bee. The range 
of the plant extends far north, and its reproduction in Greenland is chiefly 
asexual by bulbils. The flower is variable in the relative lengths of stamens 
and pistil, and the probability of spontaneous self-pollination is considerable, 
Warming thinks very likely in Greenland, but Hildebrand considers the 
plant in Germany self-sterile. 
Visitors . Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera : (i) Pieris napi L., 11-15. VI. 99, 
8co ft. Heterocera : Eriocephalidae : (2) Eriocephala calthella L., 1-2. VII. 95, 
8-1,100 ft. Diptera. Syrphidae : (3) Melanostoma dubium Ztt., fp. 22. V. 96, 
19-2,000 ft. Empidae : (4) Empis bilineata Lw., sh. 21. V. 96, 800 ft. Antho- 
myiidae : (5) Trichophthicus sp , fp. 29. VI. 96, 1,300 ft. (6) Anthomyia sulciventris 
Ztt., fp. 22. V. 96, 19-2,100 ft.; 22-25. V. 97, 7-800 ft. (7 and 8) A. spp., sh. by 
base in withering flowers and fp. 14-22. V. 96; 19. V. 97 ; 14. V. 98; 10-15. VI. 
99, 8-2,100 ft. Etelomyzidae : (9) Tephrochlamys sp., fp. 9. V. 98, 800 ft. Coleo- 
ptera. (10) Meligethes viridescens F., 21. V. 96, 800 ft. (11) Anthobium minutum 
F., fp. 2. VII. 95, 800 ft. 
150 . Arabis caucasica, Willd. [Lit. Brit, 29.] In cultivation. Apis 
visits it much. 
Visitors. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera: (1) Vanessa urticae L., sh. 15-17. IV. 
95 ; 2 3* V. 97. Hymenoptera. Aculeata: Apidae : (2) Apis mellifica L., sh. 2-1 7. 
IV. 95 ; 7-15. V. 98. freq. (3) Bombus terrestris L., sh. 15-17. IV. 95. (4) B. lap- 
ponicus F., sh. 20. V. 97. Diptera. Muscidae'. (5) Lucilia cornicina F., sh. 16. IV. 
95. (6) Pollenia rudis F., sh. 2. IV. 95. Anthomyiidae : (7) Anthomyia sulciventris 
Ztt., 23-24. V. 97. (8) A. sp., fp. 15. V. 98. Cordyturidae : (9) Scatophaga sp., 
sh. 16. IV. 95. All at 800 ft. 
151 . Raphanus Raphanistrum, Linn. [Lit. Brit. 23 ; N.C.E. 1, 3 b, 
11, 14, 18,32, 34, 40, Warnstorf, 2507.] Knuth’s autumn observations at 
Kiel correspond rather closely with Muller’s, making it to be visited in 
Germany by higher insects than at Clova. 
Visitors . Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera: (1) Pieris brassicae L., 16. VI. 95. 
(2) P. napi L., 18. VI. 99. Hymenoptera. Aculeata: Apidae'. (3) Bombus terres- 
tris L., sh. 22. IX. 95. Diptera. Syrphidae'. (4) Eristalis pertinax Scop., 22 IX. 
95. (5) Ascia podagrica F., 22. IX. 95. Muscidae : (6) Pollenia rudis F., sh. 17-22. 
IX. 95. Anthomyiidae : (7) Anthomyia sp., 17. IX. 95. Coleoptera. (8) Meli- 
gethes viridescens F., fp. and seeking h. 15-22. IX. 95; 18. VI. 99, very ab. All at 
800 ft. 
Class B, § 30. Syringa Type. 
152 . Syringa vulgaris, Linn. [Lit. N.C.E. 1,3 c, 14, 34.] In culti- 
vation. Macroglossa bombyliformis shows a great preference for its flowers 
and was recorded as abundant on them in South Scotland in 1899 (Ento- 
mologist, 1900 , p. 45 .) 
Visitors . Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera: (1) Pieris napi L., sh. 12-13. VI. 99. 
