UJIJI AND TANQANIKA . 
879 
of dry sand lined with, grass or cane, projecting from 
the south side, and a similar one from the north side, 
the two being separated by a narrow channel, but to-day 
both spits are covered with a line of wild breakers. 
The spot where Cameron camped is no longer tenable, 
but is exposed to the billows of the Tanganika, which 
at this season are driven in by the south-east monsoon. 
“ Take it any way you please, such conflict of opinions 
among people who ought to know what an outlet or an 
outflowing river is — many of them having seen the Lua- 
pula flow out from Bemba lake, others having seen the 
Lualaba plunge down from Mweru lake — makes it clear 
that there is either a crisis approaching in nature, or that 
it has lately taken place, or is occurring — one cannot say 
which until the Lukuga is explored, and this work I 
propose to begin to-morrow.” 
Cameron says on p. 304, in vol. i. of his ‘Across 
Africa ’ : — 
“ Its entrance was more than a mile across, but closed 
by a grass-grown sandbank with the exception of a 
channel 300 or 400 yards wide, and across the channel 
there is a sill wdiere the surf breaks heavily at times, 
although there is more than a fathom of water at its 
most shallow part.” 
An inflowing river meeting the billows of the Tanga- 
nika might be supposed to form a “ surf,” or a sandy sill, 
it being only natural that there should be a conflict 
between the opposing forces. To this struggle then 
must be attributed the formation of the “ sill of sand ” 
which Cameron said ran across the channel. 
On the 16th, we sailed up the creek. 
The mouth of the Lukuga, which was about 2500 
yards wide, narrowed after a mile to 800 yards, and after 
another mile to 400 or 500 yards. Upon rounding the 
point of land on which Mkampemba stands, and where 
there is a considerable tract under tillage, I observed 
that the water changed its colour to a reddish brown, 
owing to the ferruginous conglomerate of which the low 
bluffs on either side are composed. This was also a proof 
to me that there was no outflowing river here. Clear 
