ME. ST. GEOEGE MIYAET ON THE SKELETON OF THE PEIMATES. 
337 
seen in profile. In the Lemuroidea more of the acetabulum is visible than even in any 
of the Anthropoidea, if the whole of the actual outer surface of the ilium be in view. 
The number of vertebrae with which the ilium articulates varies from one to four. 
Two is the usual number ; but in Man, Troglodytes, Hylobates, Cynocephalus, Ateles, 
and Lemur four sometimes so unite. 
The obturator foramen offers no very definite characters, but varies greatly from indi- 
vidual to individual. It is of great relative size, however, in Loris and Nycticebus. 
The pubic symphysis forms an angle with the spinal column, open towards the head, 
not only in Man, but also in the Siamang, where it is about 43°. The pubis also appears 
sometimes to form a similar but smaller angle (about 25° or 30°) in Cynocephalus. 
The brim of the pelvis is generally broadest between the acetabula. Sometimes in the 
Cebidse it is so below those cavities, but only in Man, and not always in him is the out- 
line of the brim heart-shaped. 
The breadth of the true pelvis, as compared with the length of the spinal column, is 
greatest in Man and the Simiinae (from 19*6 to 15 as compared with 100). In the rest 
the proportion is above 8 to 100, except in Pithecia, 7*5, and Loris, in which it is 
smallest, namely, only as 5’ 7 to 100. 
The inferior outlet of the pelvis in Man is very small as compared with other Primates, 
from the relatively forward position of the sacrum *. Its height is in greatest excess in 
proportion to its breadth in the Nycticebinae, especially in Loris. 
Femur. 
Throughout the order the femur has a great general resemblance to that of Man. 
As regards absolute size, its length is considerably greater in Man than in even the 
largest of the Apes ; but both in the transverse and antero-posterior diameters of the 
shaft near its middle, as well as in the width between the supracondyloid prominences, 
the Gorilla exceeds him. 
The length of the femur, as compared with that of the spine, is far greatest in Tarsius, 
namely, as 81-9 to 100. The proportion is next greatest in Hylobates, about 67*8 ; then 
in Man, 64-9 ; Ateles, 61*4 ; and the Gorilla, 54*0. The other forms are between the 
last-mentioned proportion and that of 40 to 100, except Lemur and Hapale, which are 
a little less, and Arctocebus and Perodicticus, in which it is under 34*0 to 100. 
The proportion of the length of the femur to that of the humerus is again far greatest 
in Tarsius, the first being more than double the second. Indris follows, and then Galago, 
in both of which, especially the former, the length of the femur is considerably more 
than once and a half that of the humerus. In some Semnopithecinae and in Lemur 
it is but little less than as one and a half to one, and in Man about as 138*0 to 100. 
In all the rest it varies between the last- mentioned proportion and that of Loris (113*3 
to 100), except in the Simiinae, in all of which the femur is shorter than the humerus, 
and most so in the Orang. 
* Wood, he. tit. p. 152. 
