ME. ST. GEOEGE MIYAET ON THE SKELETON OE THE PEIMATES. 
391 
Man. 
Although the arm and hand of Man are exceeded in absolute length by the pectoral 
limb of Troglodytes and Simia, yet his leg, both with and without the foot, presents 
an absolute length of limb such as exists in no other member of the Order. 
The length of the whole pectoral limb, compared with that of the spine, is remark- 
ably short when contrasted with the proportions existing in the highest Apes ; but some 
of the lower Simiidse and Cebidae resemble Man closely in this respect, while in others 
of them, as also in all the Lemuridse, it (the whole pectoral limb) has a less relative 
length (often much less) than in him — Arctocebus falling almost as much below Man, 
in this respect, as the Chimpanzee exceeds him. 
The proportion borne by the arm without the hand to the spine presents us with 
nearly similar conditions. 
The length of the whole pelvic limb, when compared with that of the spine, is con- 
siderably greater than in the majority of the Order; nevertheless this relative size is 
approached in Simia and Cheiromys, equalled in Galago, surpassed in Hylobates * and 
Ateles, and very greatly so in Tarsius, in which it much more exceeds the next greatest 
proportion than that of Man exceeds that of the smallest of the Order. 
The length of the leg without the foot, compared with that of the arm without the 
hand, is still more exceptional, far exceeding, as it does, that of any other Primates ex- 
cept Indris and Galago ; yet in those genera it is considerably greater still. 
The proportion borne by the leg without the foot to the spine is much greater than 
in any other of the Primates, except Hylobates and Tarsius, where it is still greater ; in 
the last, indeed, exceeding the proportion in Man more than that exceeds the proportion 
existing in any other forms save only Perodicticus and Arctocebus. 
The scapula is surpassed in absolute size by that of the Gorilla, and is nearly equalled 
by that of the Chimpanzee and that of the Orang. 
If its axillary margin be taken as the standard of comparison, then the vertebral mar- 
gin is longer in Man than in any other Primate, except perhaps Perodicticus, and much 
longer than in any one except the Gorilla; while the anterior margin is considerably 
shorter than in any others of the Primates, except the Simiina?, Ateles, Indris, and 
sometimes, perhaps, Mycetes. 
The posterior vertebral angle is more acute than in most species of the Order, and 
greatly more so than in some ; nevertheless it is not so acute as in the Simiinae, Ateles, 
and Arctocebus. 
The anterior vertebral angle is sharp and marked j 1 to a degree rarely, if at all, met 
with in the Order besides, except in Troglodytes. 
* Professor Huxley truly observes that, thus compared, Hylobates is as much longer in the legs than Man, as 
Man, is longer in the legs than the Gorilla. — Man’s Place in Nature, p. 72. 
t Not so, however, in the male and female Boschisman, Nos. 5357 & 5357a. in the Museum of the Eoyal 
College of Surgeons. 
