MU. ST. GEORGE MIYAET ON THE SKELETON OE THE PRIMATES. 
399 
Tibia . — This bone in Man is again absolutely longer than in any other Primate, and 
absolutely broader at its proximal end than in all but the Gorilla. 
Its length, as compared with that of the spine, is (like that of the femur) greater than 
in any other of the Primates except Hylobates and Tarsius. As compared with that 
of the humerus, however, it is exceeded by the Semnopithecinas, some of the lower 
Cebidse, and by the Lemuroidea other than the Nycticebinse. Its length exceeds that 
of the radius more in Man than in any other Primates except Hapale and Tarsius. 
Its length, as compared with that of the femur, is less in Man than in any other Pri- 
mate, though he is very closely approached by Troglodytes, Nycticebus, and Cynocephalus. 
The tubercle of the tibia is at its maximum of distinctness in Man, and is placed 
higher up than in other Anthropoidea. 
The articular surfaces for the condyles of the femur more completely occupy the upper 
surface of the tibia than in any other Primate ; and in Man the outer of the two articular 
facets is generally more or less strongly concave antero-posteriorly. 
The exceeding sharpness of the crest is absolutely peculiar to Man. 
The ridge for the popliteus is more developed in him than in any other of the An- 
thropoidea, and in the fact that the posterior border of the articular surface of the 
astragalus descends further down than does the anterior margin of that surface, he differs 
from every other Primate. 
In the Fibula the peroneal malleolus is not produced out into a strong process as in 
other Anthropoidea, but it descends much further down than does the tibial one, by 
which character Man differs from all the rest of the Order. The fibula of Man is exca- 
vated and ridged in a degree existing very rarely, if ever, in other Primates. 
Fes . — The absolute length of this segment of the skeleton of Man is exceeded only by 
that of the same part in the Gorilla and Orang. 
Its length, in proportion to that of the spine, is exceeded by that of all other Primates 
except Lemur, and (as far as I have been able to ascertain) the Nycticebinae. and per- 
haps also some of the lower Simiidae and Cebidse. Man, however, more exceeds Arc- 
tocebus in this proportion than he is exceeded by the Gorilla. 
Its length, as compared with that of the pelvic limb minus riie pes, is less than in any 
other Primate, Hylobates and the Nycticebinse, however, approaching him rather nearly 
in this respect. 
The same is the case as regards the proportion borne by the pes to the tibia. 
The antero-posterior plantar arch is, as has been before said, extensive and peculiar 
(from the fact of the hallux forming the fulcrum in standing and walking), the 
tuberosity of the calcis and the distal ends of the inner metatarsals resting on the ground ; 
but, as has been pointed out already, even in Man the outer side of the tarsus and me- 
tatarsus is applied, in standing, to the supporting surface, while in many other Pri- 
mates the inner side of the tarsus and metatarsus is more raised from the ground 
than in him. So that the distinction between Man and Apes, in this respect, is much 
less than is often supposed. 
