MB. ST. GrEOBGE MIVABT ON THE SKELETON OF THE PBIMATES. 
411 
and indeed the last differs from the pelvis of Indris as much perhaps as from that of 
Man, which it resembles as regards the tuberosities of the ischium. 
So also the amount of difference in form and proportion between the parts forming the 
pes of Man and their homologues in the Gorilla is far less, as has been before abundantly 
demonstrated*, than that existing between the same parts in the Gorilla and Orang, 
a fortiori , than that which distinguishes the pes of the Gorilla from that of Tarsius ! 
Again, the hand of Cynocephalus is indeed like that of Man, when considered beside 
the manus of Ateles, Arctocebus, Tarsius, and Cheiromys ! 
Yet the differences which do exist between the appendicular skeleton of Man and 
that of all other Primates harmonize with his location in a distinct family. 
This family is evidently one more closely allied to the Apes than to the Lemuroids ; 
it is one belonging to the Anthropoidea, not to the Lemuroidea. Yet in certain points 
Man approximates to the latter group : thus the condition of the tuberosity of the ischium 
presented by him is most closely imitated by Loris ; and in the small proportion borne 
by both the humerus and by the pelvis to the femur, Man resembles some or other of 
the Lemuroids. The same might be said as regards the length of the tarsus as com- 
pared with that of the spine ; but this resemblance is only owing to the peculiar tarsal 
structure of Galago and Tarsius. In the small proportion borne by the index to the spine, 
however, and in the length of the hallux compared with the longest digit of the pes, Man 
is more nearly approached by some of the Lemuroids than by any of the Anthropoidea 
inferior to him. Man resembles some or other of the forms of his own suborder, how- 
ever, in the absolute size of the limbs and of the several bones composing them ; also in 
the well-marked anterior vertebral angle of the scapula and the sigmoid form of its ver- 
tebral margin ; in the breadth of the glenoid cavity, the well-defined suprascapular notch, 
and the length of the clavicle as compared with that of the spine. Also in the inward 
direction of the head of the humerus he differs less from the highest Apes than from all 
the Lemuroidea ; and he differs from the last and resembles the Anthropoidea in the 
great length of the humerus as compared with that of the spine, the moderate supinator 
ridge, the absence of the supracondyloid foramen, which is present in all Lemuroids ex- 
cept Arctocebus, but is, as we have seen, absent in the majority of the Anthropoidea. 
Again, he approximates to some of the last-named group in the small proportion 
borne by the radius to the humerus, in the width of the greater sigmoid cavity of the 
ulna, and the indirect articulation of the latter with the carpus, in the small propor- 
tion borne by the first phalanx of the third digit to its metacarpal, in the width and 
internal concavity of the ilium, in the flattened horizontal ramus of the pubis, in the 
subpubic groove, and in the length of the femur compared with that of the spine, in 
which last Man is about equalled by Atelesf . Finally, he agrees with all the Anthro- 
poidea, and differs from a greater or less number of the Lemuroidea in the ilio-pectineal 
* Man’s Place in Nature, p. 93. 
f In Tarsius the femur is still longer relatively, but so much so as to diverge further from the human pro- 
portions by excess than does that of most Apes by defect. 
MDCCCLXVII. 3 K 
