412 
ME. ST. GEOEGE MIYAET ON THE SKELETON OF THE PEIMATES. 
line never forming the actual anterior margin of the ilium, in the small tibial trochanter, 
the rounded patella, the moderate concavity and elongation of the rotular surface. 
On the whole, then, the family Hominidse ranges itself side by side with the Simiidse, 
Cebidee, and Hapalidse (i. e. judging from the appendicular skeleton only), though pro- 
bably it is more distinct from them than they are from each other. But before considering 
the affinities of the various groups of Primates to each other, it is desirable to enume- 
rate the more prominent characters which exist in the several divisions of the order. In 
endeavouring to collect such I have found considerable difficulty in obtaining characters 
to separate the two suborders ; this has not been, however, on account of any great 
resemblance between them, but, as in the axial skeleton *, because of the great diversity 
of structure presented by the suborder Lemuroidea. 
ANTHEOPOIDEA. 
Suprascapular notch often well defined, sometimes a foramen ; humerus often without a 
supracondyloid foramen ; os intermedium not interposed between the semilunare and the 
unciforme ; pollex never reaching to the middle of the second phalanx of the index ;■ 
index always with three phalanges ; third digit almost always f projecting furthest, 
and being the longest ; ilium often broad, its crest often much arched ; ilio-pectineal 
line never forming the actual inferior (anterior) margin of the ilium ; tuberosities of 
ischium often much expanded and flattened ; shaft of femur often curved, convex 
forwards, a line drawn from the peroneal (great) trochanter to the condyles, almost 
always cutting its anterior surface ; neck more or less elongated ; tibial trochanter 
always less than the peroneal one ; no third trochanter J ; pit for ligamentum teres 
not always present ; patella more or less rounded ; ’tibial malleolus never much in- 
curved [at its extremity ; fibula always distinct from the tibia ; distal articular surface 
of entocuneiforme never saddle-shaped ; fourth digit of pes scarcely ever proj ecting 
most, or being the longest § ; no proximal phalanx of any of the four outer digits ex- 
ceeding in length its supporting metatarsal. 
HOMINULE. 
The characters of Man have been given above, under the head of “Exceptional 
forms.” 
SIMIIDiE. 
Suprascapular notch not strongly marked ; anterior vertebral angle mostly ill- 
defined ; humerus without a supracondyloid foramen ; pollex never reaching the 
middle of the proximal phalanx of the index; conjugate diameter of pelvis always 
exceeding the transverse ; length of crest of ilium never nearly equalling that of the 
* Proceedings of the Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 578. t Except in Pitheeia. 
t Except sometimes in Hylobates, e. cj. No. 5026 in the Museum of the Eoyal College of Surgeons. 
§ Except, again, in Pitheeia, and also sometimes in Nyctipithecus. It sometimes projects most also in 
Hapale. 
