416 
ME. ST. GEORGE MIYART ON THE SKELETON OF THE PRIMATES. 
SEMNOPITHECINiE. 
Pollex sometimes only with one phalanx, and if with two, only reaching slightly 
beyond the base of the proximal phalanx of the index ; hallux extending a little beyond 
the base of the proximal phalanx of the index of the pes. 
CYNOPITHEGIM. 
Pollex always with two phalanges, and sometimes nearly reaching the middle of the 
proximal phalanx of the index ; hallux nearly attaining the distal end of the proximal 
phalanx of the index of the pes. 
There is great similarity in the limb-structure of all the Simiidse other than the 
Simiinae ; and a series of gradual modifications leads from the form and proportions 
found in Semnopithecus to those existing in Cynocephalus. 
CEBIDAE AND HAPALIDiE. 
Pelvic limb always longer than the pectoral one, except sometimes in Ateles; poste- 
rior vertebral angle from about 30° to about 50°; anterior margin always more than 
half the axillary one, except in Ateles ; spine ending in front of the middle of the ver- 
tebral margin of the scapula ; suprascapular notch generally well defined, sometimes a 
foramen ; supraspinous fossa much exceeding the infraspinous one at the glenoidal 
end of the scapula ; clavicle with a sigmoid curvature ; external condyle of humerus 
very small, and more or less confounded with capitellum ; olecranal fossa shallow, imper- 
forate ; capitellum relatively very large ; ulnar ridge of trochlea very little produced ; 
styloid process of ulna very large ; ridge for pronator qiiadratus often much marked ; 
proportion of pollex, without metacarpal, to manus always greater than in the 
Simiidse (except of course in Ateles) ; pollex attaining distal end of proximal phalanx 
of index (except of course in Ateles) ; an os intermedium present ; cuneiforme articulating 
directly with ulna; only a very small process projecting back from the proximal end of 
the fifth metacarpal ; ilium never much expanded ; iliac fossa very narrow and never 
•strongly concave ; brim of pelvis never heart-shaped ; conjugate diameter of pelvis always 
exceeding the transverse one ; length of crest of ilium never nearly equalling that of the 
os innominatum, and without any sigmoid curvature ; spinous process of ilium little 
marked ; tuberosities of ischium never broad and flattened beneath, but distant from spine 
of ischium; sciatic notches very slightly concave; greater part of cavity of acetabulum 
visible when the outside of the ilium is looked at ; trochanteric fossa deep ; linea aspera 
little marked ; no third trochanter ; rotular surface but little more on the peroneal 
condyle than on the tibial one ; surface of tibia for peroneal condyle more or less convex 
antero-posteriorly ; crest of tibia never very sharp ; posterior border of articular surface 
for astragalus not descending below its anterior border ; peroneal malleolus strongly pro- 
jecting outwards, but not descending further than the tibial one ; hallux never much 
exceeding half the length of the longest digit, metatarsals included ; tuberosity of o s 
calcis with its long axis always bent inwards below; entocuneiforme with its distal 
