620 
DR. GUNTHER ON THE ANATOMY OE HATTERIA. 
Integuments. 
The external modifications of the integuments are fully noticed in the diagnoses and 
figure published by Dr. Gray ; and the external arrangement of the ventral plates has 
been mentioned above ; so that I have but little to add. No part of the cutis contains any 
ossification. There are no cutaneous glands in any part of the body, except the pair of 
large anal glands, which may be more properly described with the organs of propagation. 
So-called femoral and prseanal pores are entirely absent, with the subcutaneous follicles. 
Organs of Sense*. 
A simple turbinal bone occupies the bottom of the entrance of the nasal cavity , and 
an undulated cartilage projects far into it from its roof ; the latter may be distinctly 
seen from the palatal opening. 
The eye is protected above by an upper very short eyelid ; the lower shuts the eye 
entirely, and contains a cartilaginous subsemiglobular disk, as in Agamoids generally ; a 
membrana nictitans and the lachrymal gland are present. The sclerotic ring is composed 
of seventeen bony lamellae. The iris is divided into two lateral halves by an upper and a 
lower strip of accumulated elastic fibres, covered with an intensely black pigment on the 
inner surface ; the pupil appears, in preserved specimens, nearly round, but is slightly 
contracted vertically. The lens is, as in other lizards, globular, flattened in front ; but 
Hatteria differs from them in not having a pecten (falciform process). 
With the tympanum a tympanic cavity is entirely absent. The only remaining portion 
of this sphere of the ear is the stapes ( c in figs. 2 & 5), 11 millims. long ; it lies in a groove 
of the exoccipital, imbedded in cellular tissue between other soft parts immediately 
below the membrane of the auditory recess of the pharynx, and terminates at its outer 
extremity in a subsemicircular cartilaginous disk, to which the outer horn of the hyoid 
bone is attached by a fibrocartilaginous ligament. At its inner extremity it is thickened 
into a knob fitting into the fenestra ovalis. 
After removal of the bony part of the exoccipital and basisphenoid, which forms the 
bottom of the labyrinth , a cartilaginous capsule becomes apparent ; its thickness is half 
a millimetre ; the membrane coating the walls of the cavity is of a deep black colour. 
The saccus vestibuli contains a single pear-shaped otolith 3 millims. long and 2 millims. 
broad at its widest (inner) end. The cochlea is more developed than in other lizards, 
showing the commencement of a spiral turn ; the membrane at its base contains the ter- 
minations of the cochlear nerve, which is abruptly split into four dichotomically divided 
and fan-like branches. The three semicircular canals lie behind and somewhat outward of 
the cochlea, and are also membranaceous, otherwise well developed, being from 12 to 15 
millims. long. 
* The following remarks on the anatomy of the soft parts are of necessity incomplete, as, besides a perfectly 
emaciated and badly preserved one, only a single example (and this preserved in spirits for nearly twenty years) 
has been available for dissection ; and I have not thought myself justified in destroying parts of the head of so 
rare a specimen,- in order to investigate points in which Hatteria may reasonably he expected not to differ from 
the Lacertian type. 
