DE. G-UNTHEE ON THE ANATOMY OF HATTEEIA. 
623 
jecting parts; the left is of nearly twice the extent of the right, and has a lobe-like 
appendix in front, situated in the cavity between the transverse processes of the two 
sacral vertebras. As the kidneys lie in the closest proximity to the cloaca, the ureters 
are extremely short, each opening, together with the vas deferens of its side, in a papilla 
situated in the recess behind the fold of the mucous membrane which separates the 
rectum from the cloaca. The urinary bladder is large, elongate, subcylindrical, opening 
at the usual place into the cloaca. 
The testicles * are elongate-ovate, situated in the anterior half of the abdominal cavity, 
nearly opposite to each other. The vas deferens lies at some distance outwards from the 
testicle, receiving the “ efferent canals” at nearly right angles; its course is but slightly 
undulated. There is no trace of an intromittent copulatory organ in Hatteria , either at 
the root of the tail, or in the anterior wall of the cloaca, — a peculiarity quite unique among 
Saurians. The pair of lateral anal glands , however, which open into the outer corner of 
the anal cleft, are quite as much developed as in other lizards. They have been but 
little noticed by anatomists, although they appear to be present in most lizards. They 
lie, quite free or surrounded by very loose cellular tissue, in a hollow on the lower side 
of the root of the tail, behind the caudo-ischiadic ligament. They are of a globular 
form, and open into the base of the exsertile male organ. In Grammatophora and 
Gecko a portion of the corpus cavernosum extends to the base of the gland, whilst it is 
perfectly isolated in TJromastyx. I have not found it in Amphisboena , which has a paired 
penis. Statius designates the secretion of this gland as smegma. In Hatteria the 
gland (fig. 34, o) has a diameter of about four lines, and is quite free in the cavity 
behind the ischium : its opening is closed by a perforated membrane (fig. 29, b) ; and the 
contents are discharged by about eight small foramina. The interior has a spongious 
appearance, being divided into many irregular smaller and larger compartments, sepa- 
rated by septa with partly free or floating margins (figs. 30, 31). They are small and 
short towards the periphery of the gland, imbedded in dense fibrous tissue, becoming 
larger and more elongate in the middle ; the larger have a tendency to radiate towards 
the external opening, behind which they empty into a common vacuity. All these 
compartments were found # to contain a finely granular secretion, which of course was 
much altered by the action of the spirit in which the specimens were preserved. 
Concluding Remarks. 
Before concluding this paper with a few words on the position of Hatteria in the 
system, I shall briefly review the more noteworthy peculiarities by which it is distin- 
guished from other Saurians. Those presented by the skull have been already recapitu- 
lated (p. 10). 
1. Above all, the amphiccelian structure of the vertebrae must be mentioned, a cha- 
racter which does not occur in any of the recent Saurians, except in the degraded type 
Geckotidse. The vertical division of the centra of the caudal vertebrae observed in 
* Unfortunately both specimens examined were males. 
