70 
AMERICAN FRUIT AND VEGETABLE JOURNAL. 
I tine, i goo 
than i in' motet el indite of Western Europe 
from which tre are frying to adapt plants. 
Under the head of proposal ion of ap- 
ples. the writer recommended testing tin 1 
•ueihod praotiivri in Russia of preventing 
root k Jill ns by tteinjf the true Siberian 
Cmb fPyrus 1 lacmt.ii. as n stock. The 
finssinn ••MH'ilmcr I* Mi if it . oo. - earlier 
h.-nrinp, bn* dwarfs the tree - ..ni.-xs lm i m 
FFOoinp. Small *..*dJlng« o I Pfrtif Hnr- 
cnla Imported til reel from Rit.sln came 
through (ho r Inter of twisiip milnjtircd at 
Brookings. Soutli Dakota. It now appear* 
probable t tin i the day* of ptivr-mnt graft 
Inc In tin 1 severer part* i*f tin- northwest 
are numbered EvorrMiinp brnoath the 
vii r face must hr Hlta rliin in onbT to .vllh- 
s|nntl free*** like that of February, JBflO. 
The npplc situation In the northwest at 
the present tltnp may la- Inferred from the 
rc<*cnt offer of the Minnesota Slate Horn- 
cultural Society lit I Jtt.lHMI premium III 
tl)e orijrhmhir of tin apple ns luirtly as the 
Duchess, cqUnl In - !««• mid ipialllr to the 
Wealthy, and as Inn? a keeper a* the Ma 
llmln. The Minnesota society for several 
yonrx ha* recommended only throe va- 
rieties a brine of the llrst degree of liardk 
ness, namely, Duchess. Hibernal. f'bnrhm- 
off. The Indira I Ions at ptvsenl are Hint the 
■•ninlnc apples of »u. npr-thtrot will rotne 
ft'tttn a blending of the American nntl 
Russian apples An apple ns luirdv ns III 
licraal. as choice os a .tnnutbno and ns 
lone a keeper ns I tie Ren Dnvte would he 
worth millions of dollars to the northwest. 
Effort* In this line are now being made at 
the experiment stations of Iowa. South 
t'nknla, and oilier slates, and liy enthusl 
astir fruit men outside t>r the stations. 
Sponktnc "f plums, the order said that 
tn the Dakota. and Ml tine *01 a unne of the 
i 'hleliasaw at- luirdy, and you must ttei 
well down lulu haul iiefnre they are safe. 
\otle of the Japanese varieties are hardy 
and the Russians tire tthy heaters. Only 
the tlfltlve plmr.s of this recoin ll'nmns 
Amerieanai. micli as lie Koto. Wyant ami 
Wolf nr.- or any value. The tender slocks 
upon which these plums have horn prop;, 
sated chiefly up to this time ore the tinue 
of prairie plum culture. Myrohotnt), St 
Jolt on. Rett eh, Mariano, \prlcol and 
Chickasaw slocks, all mot-IOll. leaving the 
hardy lops h> die. The only .uminerolnl 
stock w sal) ahle ter tin- y'oerhium pluitiRBIe 
kumrioitun sretlllnBe All other -I.h|;s are 
a <11*11 [qiolntment on Do open prairie. «,f 
the northwest For a dwarf plum stnek 
the native Halid Cherry of the liorlhn.-M I. 
promising For amateur culture In small 
gardens ttiere is an excellent Held Tor 
American plutn* on Sand Cherry Mock*. 
providing the will imi need too mneli 
ear.- In lii'ii ding back h. prevent geltlng 
top-heavy. 
In reenrd lo cherries. Muy,/.,rd and Ma 
h"leh lire hot|| tender Ip n tsrti winter- 
over a large area of it,, north next The 
Wild Red or Pigeon cherry |. mMII In the 
• vperliiivrilnl state in. .(„ek Sear Mu* 
cow, ntieslfl, the viadlndr type or cherry 
i- growing In Ini mom. ipmnfltlc* j KftT 
the writer procured throngl, Reerelnrv 
Witem, from Russia and Central Asia a 
few sprouts of the true Vladimir rherrv 
ami th-y proved hardy nt Brookings In the 
Winh rof 1«0MW, with a minimum temper. 
Jiture of 20 deyrees below zero with the 
c round bare This ra.-e nf cherries te proh 
all y the hardlct known it |* , )wnpr 
hnhlt trad Is propagated only from p.-vd* 
and sprouts. II Is not 3 siteecss oil the Mfl- 
hnleh or Mnxxnnt. 
I,, pearlies, Ih. re Is an Interesting Add 
lor experiment-. In trying to hint on Sand 
Cherry especially HoMmrn N" " mai.es 
a nice dwarf tree that l» '.tsv to lily down 
for u inter lunfc tloh 
i rap. - In l lie noriherii half nf Dakoi.i 
have nut pi uen MliaDM'iory onlut to the 
dm fleering of the wot* dllDtte' the winter, 
lli ttnic no douht tie- work of Mr Roll will 
!■.- I, atnl lp.nl I lm wild wrapes ot 
Ihc northwest will enne ,i fruit of good 
r and ipinllti 'lint w ill l>e hflnly W II li- 
mit winter protection. 
Of cultivated straw herrlcK, (bom? r.f 
eastern origin are as a rule less miINIio- 
(my III the west than those originate 1 m 
the western states. In parts of the 
Dakotas the dry fall mak'-s even the latter 
lack In hardiness KvpeiltnCllf* lire now 
hemp r.iiirtii. Ini ill Brookings tn Improve 
tin wild sperms o| Manitoba and the Da- 
kotas: oyer SJ«| lint'll I'liissex yverc lll.lde 
durlUB the past winter, the wild specie- lo 
i HIT uIU- or tin pai-nh in epcll ease, II is 
Impr-il to conihllie the |icrfl*Cl hardiness of 
the wild sorts with tin- aim- of fruit or the 
cultivated varieties. 
In rnsphriTii-; and blackberries the 
-(atnluril vurleHe* an red .nllsfnHnrv 
over n |.mrt nf tin- tinrUiwi st. a* all must 
I*, laid down ami covered with earth fur 
wilder prelection to inmire a croji. In 
1SUH. at Rrooklin:.'. the wild msphmry of 
Soul h Dakota was cross 'd with sever it 
hut'- varieties mid the resulting seedlings 
made a goad grmvili the past year, and tip 
in-nr [irainlalng. 
Ill ease of the Hand f'lo-rry ll’rumt* Res 
se.vll, i native if the northwest over five 
thousand MPrdllng- under eulllvatlon have 
heeii fruited, and many lhnu»nnd* tire 
coming rm ot tin' si ennd gpiieraflnn In 
• he firsi generation tin v Id nstrlngeiiey 
has h en nearly ellmimitid, and hul little 
inure remain* to make it a good table 
,r " 1 ' 'y'ehraikn and Hie P 3 - 
kolas. id least, |t |« very pi’nuitnlny. 
In regard lo evercre,-ns, ,,ne of tlir cliM 
lines Of our work slmntd he the rrplnr|t|g 
of Kiimpean evergr* en>. with American 
x-pceieK. The conifer pyportn or Kumra 
► :M that yve hflVr the flneHl eprucc In the 
"'•fl'I. Hit melt the Silver or Mine Spruce 
of Colorado i Die. a f’lltlg. ii* ) Also the 
most lirnoliriil flr m ||„. world the Con 
■ o|or hr of Colorado and the Iho-ky Moon 
lain rrgloii tVhy slniuld vve not crow 
Ihesn' llie Western tVhlle Sprue. 
and tin- .Vo -I: pine or norlliwes|ei‘ti Mlnne- 
•eh, are more hraiuir.il ntnl droi.it.- i-. -ut 
In-- than tlir Norway aprUer and llie v,.„teli 
Pine 1 filet that linn been full* ostnldlhlied 
In reeent m m1 , i. Ihljt a specie, extrnduu- 
oyer n Wide gengrapideal nine, varies m 
I in rtl I nr- s . L ,„ V1 llllll( , nr 
verves very carefully this ni |, |„ ;,1| ||, ex 
ended wotl. or tree planting. ;,v thrv have 
found 1.1 -seoich pine. Vo, -lv (iv Sprm e and 
olher I,-.... from (In- st rlimntr „r 
western Kurnp. «l,orl lived and I on 
the dry Mepius of |(,,. M „ K .„ 
Bpeeir, found In Northern Siberia 
prow, perfectly har.lv 
I n.lP, the head of Ih.lge Dlalds „„d t>,- 
i nt men till- *rof. ITnnse,, hied llie 
tucslai. M lid Olive to 
mote extensively ||,au at present both for 
.1 Hhek.pmor hedge or wlndhronk and 
o. the awn I II! tree W|I . brought over 
In the Itijs-tftu Nlellnonlte. „ lt ,| ,| l( . S| . 
north- Itltunil Roclcty Of N'ebniaka ln*t win- 
ter. after fifteen years of trial, put It nt 
the head of the list of dPilduoii* trees for 
western Vehru.ka. 'flu* native ItulTnlr. 
helTy of the northwest deserves attention 
a* a combined hedge and fnili plain. 
Another plant that deserves more nttpn 
Hun Is tin* huelilhorn in Dakota II 1 . per 
fei-lly luirdy arid a ilrnllili-rexMor Dhe 
HiheiiHU pencil live should he propa gulf | 
largely and sold at ivnionnhle rules for 
liedg- s as well u< singly for Bpeelnu'liH on 
Hie lawn It Is tin- fin or lie ornunnnlnl 
hedge plaid id European Untahi and m 
linerlca It bus pi-oyen hardy in Maid loin. 
Issinalmlu timl llie Dakota*. In UiikhI.i 
tin Seed Is very clo-tip and the expense nt 
Iniporlaliou is not o.\censlv<*. 
\ hardier ilnss of rofli's I linn we Imre at 
present Is greatly dial In the Northwest. 
Tin* old Ilarrlson'K 1 ellow on it* own roots 
is pi rfe. tly hardy, hut (lie Hybrid Per 
pdiial* flenitind careful winter iiiMh-ciion. 
Tin- liy hrlilK originated in 1 SUL’ at the h.yva 
\grieiillnriil t'<dlcgchy Unit Blnld, iinslsl 
<*d by the writer, have tin* hardiness ami 
beautiful fullllge of llie llnstt IlllgOsil, 1-0111 
hint’ll wllli the h'-iiul it ill dnnhle hln-som.* 
.0 III). .IncqueiTilUOt tliul other I liolec ilntl 
Ide roues . 
I 'mi. uni ini. rest was shown I * 1 a paper 
read by If. ('. Hrielunati. nf Hcorgla .in 
“Tlir Futior of the Nursery Business in 
Cuba and Porto Rico.” 
The u rlfer said In pari : 
1 -aniline on Hie •••HIM ..I t’uhii as tin wi ll, 
a did one Ha I dm t|i morning by eliame. 
Win n our y e.ssnl ran her hows .01 the beat’ll 
at I'lseadora, the I'.mscqiient delay of 
trri'iity I’tiiir hours enabled ii- t., make >i 
« lion lour in n fl.lilug luimlet \ sugar 
pin titer living near extended llip hospitnll 
'as ol' Ids holm-, a eoiirli-Hy we iicceptcil. 
for here we found much to Interest one 
engaged lii hurlinillural pursuits, tlmipji 
llie < la-s of ir.es and plaids i. somewhat 
dilf.-r. nt from w hat the fuirscryman e.omoB 
t w III, here In the slate- 
Till l-latnl nf cuhli, a. we well know, I* 
c. mposed or various soils, 1,11 „f which are 
rich In plant I I. and fertilizer)- are spl 
dnm used, In fact utmost unknown Tim 
mountain* are nf coral forum 1 Inn. and tlm 
Inwlonds are evlreim-lv rich in lime and 
phn.pbiii.-s The wealth nf this Island lie 
" D"' fertility of |ier soil The principal 
Industry ..r t’nlia lm. been r., r many rears 
the . iiltivailiui i.r sugar enne Untile rala- 
l"g has lie, -n an Imp., riant Imltidlrv In Ho 
I'asi hid lm- never beep r|,.vel..|.,.,l 1 1„- 
'Xie"i w lilpli Ho rm 1 11 nil conditions would 
•'em lo warrant Reside, sugar, tobacco 
and rolfe., Cnhn |ir.u|uecs all Hie trulls: 
1,1 n " , mi | ton,,, 1, .-longing 
0 * he l. inperale /one. \n.ong these „| e 
he IHlieiipple, bn mi tin. mango, giiava. lime 
, "." 1 • »". In 1 I. r Dull might be 
Lie.. Hi Improved l„ growing the inpre Up 
l""' ' '** '*•' " and nl.,. the great inh 'iii- 
'ho H e* I from ||,e Willi 
V""’""' "*"«"■ ‘uric lie.' Vile." ore hot 
" “T""* dry and rn..,v 
1 he rain, begin* in M„, .,,,,1 efnlu 
' hloh.'. and t wo- thirds „f ,|.e ralnfoll 
"'o'.tln .Tune 
0 er; now, her, , night he „ dllll' „»,v that 
.'“I ’ 1 7 ’"r * rowing ,.f fruit- 
' ,V ' «*'" this could he 
Ole, , .one hj Irrigation ns the Country Is 
in „ i ' " r 'vcs ami other 
l i lT'" '!' " ‘"••h fnuld he n.c.1 to 
a.ly ntila go | n ,, u . (lry 
"would Ih.' dilltcnlf lo arrive B f t. COOCIU 
